BIOLOGY VOL. II
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781308795317
Author: Raven
Publisher: Mcgraw-Hill/Create
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Textbook Question
Chapter 43, Problem 4A
The following is a list of the components of a chemical synapse. A mutation in the structure of which of these would affect only the reception of the message, not its release or the response?
a. Membrane proteins in the postsynaptic cell
b. Proteins in the presynaptic cell
c. Cytoplasmic proteins in the postsynaptic cell
d. Both a and b are correct
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following is NOT an example of communication that happens from one neuron to another neuron?
A. Endocrine signaling (ex. hormones secreted into the blood stream travel and bind to receptors on dstant cells).
B. Retrograde neurotransmission (ex.the dendrite releases a neuroactive substance that binds to receptors on the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron).
C. Electrical communication via propagation of action potential from one node of ranvier to the next node of ranvier.
D. Volume transmission (ex. neuropeptides diffuse away from the synapse and bind to receptors on adjacent cells)
E. Electrical communication through gap junctions.
The release of a neurotransmitter from a terminal button produces an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) in the postsynaptic neuron. What is the most likely mechanism by which this occurs?
A.
the neurotransmitter opens chemically activated chloride channels
B.
the neurotransmitter activates a second messenger which then opens calcium channels
C.
the neurotransmitter is glutamate
D.
the neurotransmitter acts on a G-protein linked receptor which opens sodium channels
All the following are the right description of communication between neurons EXCEPT
Select one:
a. Communication between two neurons happens in the synaptic cleft
b. Communication between two neurons happens in the form of neural impulse
c. Communication between two neurons happens when the neurotransmitter binds to its receptor on a receiving cell
d. Communication between two neurons happens through chemical neurotransmitter
Chapter 43 Solutions
BIOLOGY VOL. II
Ch. 43 - Which of the following best describes the...Ch. 43 - The ____ cannot be controlled by conscious...Ch. 43 - Prob. 3UCh. 43 - Inhibitory neurotransmitters a. hyperpolarize...Ch. 43 - White matter is ______, and gray matter is...Ch. 43 - During an action potential a. the rising phase is...Ch. 43 - Prob. 7UCh. 43 - Imagine that you are doing an experiment on the...Ch. 43 - The Na+/K+ ATPase pump is a. not required for...Ch. 43 - Prob. 3A
Ch. 43 - The following is a list of the components of a...Ch. 43 - Prob. 5ACh. 43 - As you sit quietly reading this sentence, the part...Ch. 43 - G proteincoupled receptors are involved in the...Ch. 43 - Tetraethylammonium (TEA) is a drug that blocks...Ch. 43 - Describe the status of the Na+ and K+ channels at...Ch. 43 - Describe the steps required to produce an...Ch. 43 - Prob. 4S
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- Which of the following statements regarding polarized membranes is incorrect? a. There is a separation of the charge by a membrane, resulting in its ability to do work. b. An RMP of –60 mV indicates that there are more positive ions inside the axon than an RMP of –70 mV. c. A resting membrane potential (RMP) of –90 mV indicates the there are more positive ions inside the axon than an RMP of –70 mV. d. There is a difference in the charges found on the inside of the membrane to the outside.arrow_forwardLike many neurotransmitters, serotonin (5-HT) can have different postsynaptic effects on different neurons. Which of the following is the best explanation for these differences? a. There are several types of postsynaptic receptors for serotonin b. The brain releases different forms of serotonin at different synapses c. It depends whether it is an original serotonin molecule or one that has been recycled d. The width of the synaptic cleft varies from one synapse to another Which chromosomal pattern is conisdered typical of male humans? a. XYY b. XX c. YY d. XYarrow_forwardA synapse includes: a. a very narrow synaptic cleft b. a presynaptic neuron with neurotransmitter receptor sites on its membrane c. a postsynaptic neuron that releases the neurotransmitter d. all of the above The upper abdominopelvic regions include the: a. right and left iliac and epigastric b. right and left lumbar and umbilical c. right and left hypochondriac and epigastric d. right and left hypochondriac and umbilical A decrease in insulin production: a. usually causes type I diabetes mellitus b. will stimulate the release of growth hormone c. is usually the cause of type II diabetes mellitus d. both a and c abovearrow_forward
- What does a transporter protein do at a synapse? a. It carries neurotransmitter molecules from the presynaptic neuron to the postsynaptic neuron. b. It carries neurotransmitter molecules from the cell body to the presynaptic terminal. c. It carries neurotransmitter molecules from neurons that have too much into neurons that need more. d. It pumps used neurotransmitter molecules back into the presynaptic neuron.arrow_forwardIn an experiment you place a neuron and its synaptic contacts into a medium containing no calcium ions. You stimulate the neuron causing an action potential to propagate down the axon into the axon terminal of the neuron. 3.) What is the most likely result of this experimental manipulation? A. Prolong the refractory period of the action potential B. Decrease the time required to move sodium ions out of the axon terminal C. Prevent neurotransmitter from binding to receptors on postsynaptic cells D. Enhance the voltage changes associated with the action potential E. Prevent release of neurotransmitter into the synapsearrow_forwardAll of the following statements correctly describe a polarized membrane EXCEPT which? a. There is a separation of the charge by a membrane, resulting in its ability to do work. b. An RMP of –60 mV indicates that there are more positive ions inside the axon than an RMP of –70 mV. c. A resting membrane potential (RMP) of –90 mV indicates the there are more positive ions inside the axon than an RMP of –70 mV. d. There is a difference in the charges found on the inside of the membrane to the outside.arrow_forward
- Postsynaptic potentials are graded potentials that develop in the postsynaptic membrane. Which one of the following statements accurately describes what causes EPSP's to occur at the postsynaptic membrane? Group of answer choices A.an EPSP results from the opening of voltage gated sodium channels B.an EPSP results from the opening of chemically gated sodium channels C.an EPSP results from the opening of voltage gated potassium channels D.an EPSP results from the opening of chemically gated potassium channelsarrow_forwardIn the hippocampus, when glutatmate is released into the synaptic cleft, but the postsynaptic cell is NOT depolarized, there is only a small postsynaptic response. Why is this the case? A. Ca++ ions block the NMDA ion channel B. Mg++ ions block the NMDA ion channel C. Glutamate is an inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter D. There are no NMDA receptors on the postsynaptic cellarrow_forwardA channel opens on a postsynaptic membrane that causes a negative ion to leave the cell. What type of graded potential is this? a. depolarizing b. repolarizing c. hyperpolarizing d. non-polarizingarrow_forward
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