Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135755785
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 43.6, Problem 1TC
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason that why it is biologically useful to have the fetal and maternal bloodstreams separated by membranes, rather than have their blood vessels fuse into one combined circulatory system.
Introduction:
The placenta is a type of organ that develops inside the female uterus at the time of pregnancy. The placenta is involved in the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste material in between the mother and fetus.
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a) If fetal glucose consumption declines, how does the glucose concentration gradient between fetal circulation and the intervillous space change?
b) When fetal glucose consumption declines, how is the concentration gradient between parental circulation and the intervillous space impacted?
c) When fetal glucose consumption declines, placental tissue adjusts its consumption of glucose to maintain a constant concentration gradient between the fetal circulation and the intervillous space. In order to maintain this gradient, would you expect placental tissue to increase or decrease its glucose consumption, and why is this the case?
Seeing that the placenta acts as a barrier protecting the baby from harmful substances the mother may consume, how come some babies develop ailments like Fetal Alcohol Syndrome? Are there some substances that render the protective function of the placenta less useful than required?
Placental tissue may consume as much as 80% of the glucose that moves from parental circulation into the intervillous space. How does placental consumption of glucose impact the glucose concentration gradient between the intervillous space and parental circulation? In other words, does the intervillous space or the parental circulation contain a higher concentration of glucose?
Chapter 43 Solutions
Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 43.1 - define development and describe how cell division...Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.3 - describe early development in amphibians,...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43.4 - Does the development of a human limb, and the rest...Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.5 - Prob. 1TC
Ch. 43.5 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 3TCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 43.5 - describe human embryonic development from...Ch. 43.5 - describe the structure and function of the...Ch. 43.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1TCCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43 - Prob. 1MCCh. 43 - Animals with Indirect development a. develop...Ch. 43 - Prob. 3MCCh. 43 - Prob. 4MCCh. 43 - Prob. 5MCCh. 43 - Prob. 6MCCh. 43 - Prob. 7MCCh. 43 - Prob. 8MCCh. 43 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 43 - Distinguish between direct and indirect...Ch. 43 - Describe the structure and function of the four...Ch. 43 - What is gastrulation? Describe gastrulation in...Ch. 43 - Prob. 4RQCh. 43 - Prob. 5RQCh. 43 - In humans, where does fertilization occur, and...Ch. 43 - Prob. 7RQCh. 43 - Prob. 8RQCh. 43 - How do changes in the breast prepare a mother to...Ch. 43 - Prob. 10RQCh. 43 - Prob. 1ACCh. 43 - Prob. 2AC
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- Which statement regarding fetal/maternal circulation is correct? Question 25 options: a) Two arteries in the umbilical cord carry deoxygenated blood and waste products away from the fetus to the placenta b) Two veins in the umbilical cord carry blood that is high in carbon dioxide and other waste products away from the fetus to the placenta c) Two arteries carry freshly oxygenated blood and nutrient-rich blood back from the placenta to the fetus d) One artery carries freshly oxygenated blood and nutrient-rich blood back from the placenta to the fetusarrow_forwardDescribe the development of reproductive organs in a fetus of each gender. Which genes, gene products, and hormones are involved in the sex differences? Which sex- related hormones are circulating in high concentrations in a pregnant woman compared to a nonpregnant woman? Do these hormones cross the placenta (if you are uncertain, consider hormone chemical class relative to membrane permeability to make an educated guess)? Assuming these hormones do cross the placenta, how do they affect the hormonal environment inside the fetus, and how does this relate to fetal reproductive development?arrow_forwardExplain why it is so important that the blood of mother and offspring do not mix together in the placenta. List the structural features of the placenta that contribute to efficient exchange and explain why each is important.arrow_forward
- Does the placenta allow fetal blood cells to mix with the maternal blood?arrow_forwardA friend in your dormitory, a freshman, tells you that she just discovered she is 3 months pregnant. You know that since she came to college she has been experimenting with recreational drugs. Circle the best advice you could give her, and explain your choice. (a) She must stop taking the drugs, but they could not have affected her fetus during these first few months of her pregnancy. (b) Harmful substances usually cannot pass from mother to embryo, so she can keep using drugs. (c) There could be defects in the fetus, so she should stop using drugs and visit a doctor as soon as possible. (d) If she has not taken any drugs in the last week, she is OK.arrow_forwardPlacenta ... a) ... develops from trophoblast cells. b) ... develops from embryoblast cells. c) ... allows the blood of the mother and fetus to be mixedarrow_forward
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