Campbell Biology: Australian And New Zealand Edition + Mastering Biology With Etext
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781488687075
Author: Lisa, A. Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 44, Problem 11TYU
SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE
The marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus), which spends long periods under water feeding on seaweed, relies on both salt glands and kidneys for homeostasis of its internal fluids. Describe how these organs together meet the particular osmoregulatory challenges of this animal’s environment.
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Elucidate the fundamental challenges the aquatic vertebrates and terrestrial vertebrates face in osmoregulation and their strategies to overcome them. Emphasize the modifications of their osmoregulatory organs.
Which mechanism of osmoregulation is shared by sharks and hagfish?
the osmolarity of their plasma is about the same as that of sea water
both are osmoregulators
both excrete all of their nitrogenous wastes as uric acid
both drink large amounts of fresh water to avoid desiccation (drying out)
The mammalian kidney contains an immense network of nephrons that functions to conserve water by producing urine that is hyperosmotic compared to other body fluids.
Describe in detail how the transport epithelia of the nephron and collecting duct are able to use transport mechanisms to process the filtrate as it moves through the vessels and produce a hyperosmotic filtrate.
Chapter 44 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Australian And New Zealand Edition + Mastering Biology With Etext
Ch. 44.1 - The movement of salt from the surrounding water to...Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.1 - WHAT IF? Researchers found that a camel in the...Ch. 44.2 - What advantage does uric acid offer as a...Ch. 44.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44.3 - Where and how does filtrate originate in the...Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 44.4 - What do the number and length of nephrons in a...Ch. 44.4 - Many medications make the epithelium of the...
Ch. 44.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 44.5 - How does alcohol affect regulation of water...Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 44 - Prob. 44.1CRCh. 44 - DRAW IT Construct a table summarizing the three...Ch. 44 - Prob. 44.3CRCh. 44 - Prob. 44.4CRCh. 44 - Why can only some patients with diabetes insipidus...Ch. 44 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 44 - The high osmolality of the renal medulla is...Ch. 44 - In which of the following species should natural...Ch. 44 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 44 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY You are exploring kidney...Ch. 44 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 44 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE The marine iguana...
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- Could you help me with this question? All info has been provided.arrow_forwardA scientist interested in studying aquaporins plans to examine the different parts of mammalian nephrons in which large numbers of aquaporins can be found. This researcher would NOT choose to examine the…arrow_forwardDescribe the underlying osmoregulation issues that aquatic and terrestrial animals confront, as well as their solutions for overcoming them. Emphasize how their osmoregulatory organs have modified.arrow_forward
- Sharks live in marine (saltwater) habitats and are osmoconformers. Based on this information which of the following is/are true (select all that apply): A. Sharks have tissues/body fluids that are isoosmotic relative to the environment B. Sharks have tissues/body fluids that are hypoosmotic relative to the environment C. Sharks devote considerable energy to osmoregulation D. Sharks do not devote much energy to osmoregulationarrow_forwardThe mammalian kidney contains an immense network of nephrons that functions to conserve water by producing urine that is hyperosmotic compared to other body fluids. Explain how the transport epithelia of the nephron and collecting duct are able to use transport mechanisms to process the filtrate as it moves through the vessels and produce a hyperosmotic filtrate.arrow_forwardAs the text noted, two-thirds of the water and solutes that the body reclaims by reabsorption in nephrons occurs in the proximal tubule. Proximal tubule cells have large numbers of mitochondria and demand a great deal of oxygen. Explain why.arrow_forward
- Which one of the following is extremely important for water conservation in mammals? juxtamedullary nephrons podocytes Bowman's capsule urethra ureterarrow_forwardDescribe osmoregulators or osmoconformers and how these tools allow animals to adapt to different environmentsarrow_forwardAll osmoregulators are marine. This statement is (T/F). • If true, enter x in the blanks below. • If false, then how would you change the sentence to make it correct? You can change two words at most. Changes that just reverse the meaning (e.g. changing "is" to "isn't" or "all" to "none") will not earn credit. I would change the word(s) to the word(s) to make the sentence correct.arrow_forward
- Is this corrarrow_forwardis this rightarrow_forwardThe diagram below of part of a nephron shows some of the pressure gradients that are involved in the movement of fluids from blood to the glomerular filtrate within the Bowman's capsule. The numbers represent hydrostatic pressure in kPA. Afferent arteriole (9.32) Glomerulus Efferent arteriole (2.34) -Bowman's caps Colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma in the glomerular capillaries (4.26) Net fitration Distal convoluted Proximal convoluted tubule tubule (1.33)arrow_forward
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