Biology: How Life Works - Standalone book
Biology: How Life Works - Standalone book
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781464126093
Author: James Morris, Daniel Hartl, Andrew Knoll, Robert Lue, Melissa Michael, Andrew Berry, Andrew Biewener, Brian Farrell, N. Michele Holbrook
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 44, Problem 1QC
Summary Introduction

To determine:

The animals that are more closely related to sponges, Cnidaria or the Bilateria.

Concept introduction:

Sponges are the simplest animals that lack defined tissues and organs.  They are asymmetric in nature and are hermaphrodites. They are stuck on one place and are known as sessile.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

Pictorial representation:

Biology: How Life Works - Standalone book, Chapter 44, Problem 1QC

Fig 1: Phylogenetic relationship between sponges, Cnidaria and Bilateria.

Explanation:

As shown in Fig 1: “Phylogenetic relationship between sponges, Cnidaria and Bilateria”, the both Cnidaria and Bilateria have the common ancestors. Due the presence of common ancestry between the Cnidaria and Bilateria, they are equally closely related to the sponge. Therefore neither the Bilateria nor the Cnidaria are more closely to the sponges but they are both equally related to sponges.

Conclusion

The Cnidaria as well as the Bilateria share common ancestors and are arising from the same branch as that of the sponges in the Phylogenetic tree. Hence they are equally related to sponges.

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Phylogeny and the Tree of Life; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLMn4XwS8Tw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY