Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 4th Ed + Masteringphysics: Chapters 1-38
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780136139263
Author: Douglas C. Giancoli
Publisher: PEARSON EDUCATION (COLLEGE)
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Chapter 44, Problem 52GP
How large would the Sun be if its density equaled the critical density of the universe,
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Suppose that the universe were full of spherical objects, each of mass m and radius r . If the objects were distributed uniformly throughout the universe, what number density (#/m3) of spherical objects would be required to make the density equal to the critical density of our Universe?
Values:
m = 10 kg
r = 0.0399 m
Answer must be in scientific notation and include zero decimal places (1 sig fig --- e.g., 1234 should be written as 1*10^3)
If the average density of the Universe is small compared with the critical density, the expansion of the Universe described by Hubble's law proceeds with speeds that are nearly constant over time.
Calculate t since the big bang, assuming H = 22.0 km/s/Mly.
What is the estimated age of the Universe (in years) if the Hubble constant is 60 km/s/Mpc?
Chapter 44 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 4th Ed + Masteringphysics: Chapters 1-38
Ch. 44.1 - Suppose we could place a huge mirror 1 light-year...Ch. 44.2 - Prob. 1BECh. 44.4 - What is the Schwarzschild radius for an object...Ch. 44.4 - A black hole has radius R. Its mass is...Ch. 44.9 - Prob. 1EECh. 44 - The Milky Way was once thought to be murky or...Ch. 44 - Prob. 2QCh. 44 - Prob. 3QCh. 44 - Prob. 4QCh. 44 - Prob. 5Q
Ch. 44 - Prob. 6QCh. 44 - Prob. 7QCh. 44 - Prob. 8QCh. 44 - Prob. 9QCh. 44 - Prob. 10QCh. 44 - Prob. 11QCh. 44 - Prob. 12QCh. 44 - Prob. 13QCh. 44 - Compare an explosion on Earth to the Big Bang....Ch. 44 - If nothing, not even light, escapes from a black...Ch. 44 - Prob. 16QCh. 44 - Prob. 17QCh. 44 - Explain what the 2.7-K cosmic microwave background...Ch. 44 - Prob. 19QCh. 44 - Prob. 20QCh. 44 - Prob. 21QCh. 44 - Under what circumstances would the universe...Ch. 44 - Prob. 23QCh. 44 - Prob. 24QCh. 44 - Prob. 1PCh. 44 - Prob. 2PCh. 44 - Prob. 3PCh. 44 - Prob. 4PCh. 44 - Prob. 5PCh. 44 - Prob. 6PCh. 44 - (II) What is the relative brightness of the Sun as...Ch. 44 - Prob. 8PCh. 44 - Prob. 9PCh. 44 - Prob. 10PCh. 44 - Prob. 11PCh. 44 - Prob. 12PCh. 44 - Prob. 13PCh. 44 - Prob. 14PCh. 44 - Prob. 15PCh. 44 - Prob. 16PCh. 44 - Prob. 17PCh. 44 - Prob. 18PCh. 44 - Prob. 19PCh. 44 - Prob. 20PCh. 44 - Prob. 21PCh. 44 - Prob. 22PCh. 44 - Prob. 23PCh. 44 - Prob. 24PCh. 44 - Prob. 25PCh. 44 - Prob. 26PCh. 44 - Prob. 27PCh. 44 - Prob. 28PCh. 44 - Prob. 29PCh. 44 - Prob. 30PCh. 44 - Prob. 31PCh. 44 - (II) Calculate the peak wavelength of the CMB at...Ch. 44 - Prob. 33PCh. 44 - (II) The scale factor or the universe (average...Ch. 44 - Prob. 35PCh. 44 - Prob. 36PCh. 44 - Prob. 37GPCh. 44 - Prob. 38GPCh. 44 - Prob. 39GPCh. 44 - Prob. 40GPCh. 44 - Prob. 41GPCh. 44 - Prob. 42GPCh. 44 - Prob. 43GPCh. 44 - Prob. 44GPCh. 44 - Prob. 45GPCh. 44 - Prob. 46GPCh. 44 - Prob. 47GPCh. 44 - Prob. 48GPCh. 44 - Prob. 49GPCh. 44 - Prob. 50GPCh. 44 - Calculate the Schwarzschild radius using a...Ch. 44 - How large would the Sun be if its density equaled...Ch. 44 - Prob. 53GPCh. 44 - (a) Use special relativity and Newtons law of...Ch. 44 - Prob. 55GPCh. 44 - Prob. 56GPCh. 44 - Prob. 57GPCh. 44 - Prob. 58GP
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- How many galaxies like our own would it take if they were placed edge-to-edge to reach the nearest galaxy? (Hint: See Problems 11 and 12.)arrow_forwardSuppose the Hubble constant were not 22 but 33 km/s per million light-years. Then what would the critical density be?arrow_forwardSuppose that the universe were full of spherical objects, each of mass m and radius r, with the objects distributed uniformly throughout the universe as in the previous problem. (Assume nonrelativistic objects.) Given the density of these spherical objects (as you would have found in the previous problem), how far would you be able to see in meters, on average, before your line of sight intersected one of them? Values (note, different from the above problem): m = 3 kg r = 0.03 m Answer must be in scientific notation and include zero decimal places (1 sig fig).arrow_forward
- By what factor would the critical density of the universe today change if the Hubble constant today measured at 5 times greater than what we previously thought?arrow_forwardThe mass density of our universe is measured to be about 10-29 kg/m3. If an arbitrary point is chosen as the center, how large is the radius of a spherical surface centered at the point so that the mass enclosed in the surface will become a blackhole observed by someone outside the surface? A. 4.2 trillion light years B. 420 billion light years C. 42 billion light years D. 4.2 billion light years Is the answer D? Thanks!arrow_forwardWhat would be the critical density of matter in the universe if the value of the Hubble constant were (a) 40 km/sec/ Mpc? (b) 90 km/sec/Mpc?arrow_forward
- An electron jumps from n=3 to n=2 in a hydrogen atom in a distant galaxy, emitting light. If we detect that light at a wavelength of 3.00 mm, by what multiplication factor has the wavelength, and thus the universe, expanded since the light was emitted?arrow_forwardCompute the gravitational energy of a pair of colliding galaxies , each of mass 10 Mo separated by a distance of 10 kpc and compare it with the energy requirements of a powerful radio source . What conclusion do you arrive at from such a comparisonarrow_forwardIf a galaxy is 9.2 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 475 km/s, what is H0 (in km/s/Mpc)?arrow_forward
- What was the typical density of the universe, when the microwave background radiation was last scattered (redshift around 1000)? Enter your answer in kilograms per cubic metres.arrow_forwardThe density of the universe is a. equal to the critical density if the universe is closed. b. equal to the critical density if the universe is flat. c. greater than the critical density if the universe is flat. d. greater than the critical density if the universe is open. e. none of the above.arrow_forward
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