To identify: The initial composition of the solute in the hemodialysis dialysate that would be suitable in replacement of the reabsorption and the secretion of the solutes in a functional kidney.
Concept introduction: The composition of the filtrate in the kidney includes glucose, urea, vitamins, salt ions, amino acids and the drugs. The absorption the glucose takes place in the proximal tubules. The reabsorption of salts takes place in the distal tubules. The process of the countercurrent ion transport takes place inside the nephrons of the kidney.
The two processes are the active transport and the passive transport inside the kidney cells. The aquaporin channels are present in the collecting duct, which transport the water and the ions in the body. The substances in the replaced fluid should contain glucose, salt ions like sodium and potassium. The concentration of the urea should be less in the dialysate fluid.
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EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
- Question:- Biologists recently have been able to produce mice that lack functioning genes for aquaporins. How does their urine compare to that of individuals with normal aquaporins?a. lower volume and lower osmolarityb. lower volume and higher osmolarityc. higher volume and lower osmolarityd. higher volume and higher osmolarityarrow_forwardVISUALIZE Draw a diagram showing the sequence of structures that a drop of glomerular filtrate passes through as it moves from Bowmans capsule to the urinary bladder.arrow_forwardQuestion :- We now know that the imbalance between the amount of sodium and water reabsorbed in the loop of Henle produce a hyposmotic filtrate. Does filtrate can become even more dilute as it flows through the distal tubule. If no ADH was present but with the composition of the resultant urine be and why?arrow_forward
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- Which of the following is an example of autoregulation of kidney function? a. The RAAS regulates Na1 by secreting renin when blood pressure or blood volume decreases. b. The ADH system regulates water balance by decreasing water reabsorption and increasing excretion of salt. c. Receptors in the juxtaglomerular apparatus detect a higher salt concentration in the distal convoluted tubule and trigger constriction of the afferent arteriole to reduce glomerular filtration rate. d. ANF is released by the kidney to increase renin release. e. Angiotensin II lowers blood pressure by constricting arterioles.arrow_forwardDiscuss Concepts As a person ages, nephron tubules lose some of their ability to concentrate urine. What is the effect of this change?arrow_forward5) Arman weighs 130 kg. Assume his total blood volume is 12%, his heart pumps his total blood volume within 90 seconds, and his renal blood flow is 20% of his cardiac output. Calculate the volume of blood that flows through Arman's kidneys each minute.arrow_forward
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