RRCC BIO 111 TEXTBOOK W/ACCESS >C<
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781323674949
Author: Pearson
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 44.4, Problem 3CC
Summary Introduction
To explain: The effect on the rate of the blood filtration in the Bowman’s capsule, when the blood pressure in the afferent arteriole leading to a glomerulus is decreased.
Concept introduction: The change in the blood pressure in the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule is regulated by the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system (RAAS). The secretion of this hormone in the juxtaglomerular apparatus causes the reabsorption of the water and ions in the kidney tubules. The enzyme renin is released in response to the decrease in the blood pressure around the afferent arterioles. The precursor angiotensinogen cleaves into angiotensin.
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Chapter 44 Solutions
RRCC BIO 111 TEXTBOOK W/ACCESS >C<
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- VISUALIZE Draw a diagram showing the sequence of structures that a drop of glomerular filtrate passes through as it moves from Bowmans capsule to the urinary bladder.arrow_forwardWHA Figure Walkthrough T IF? The drug furosemide blocks the cotransporters for Na+and Cl -in the ascendinglimb of the loop of Henle. What effect would you expect this drug to have on urine volume?arrow_forward6. Explain how the vertical concentration gradient in the medulla and the concentration of vasopressin influences the volume and osmolarity of urine produced.arrow_forward
- 6) Patrick's urine sample reveals a high concentration of glucose. Is glucose normally present in urine? Suggest two possible mechanisms to explain why the kidney would excrete excess glucose, and what abnormality may underlie those conditions.arrow_forward1) Compared to those of similarly sized birds and lizards, the kidneys of mammals ______. A) have larger glomeruli, but shorter nephron loops B) have larger glomeruli, but shorter nephron loops C) have lower concentration of urea in their renal medulla D) have higher concentrations of Na+ and Cl- in their renal medullaarrow_forwardActivity 17.4: Identify the abnormal components in each of the urine sediment images, name the disorder associated with the presence of the abnormal components, and the possible causes of the presence of the abnormal components in the urine samples.arrow_forward
- 17.During an experiment study of oxyge consumption in the kidney, experimental animals are ventilated with 100% nitrogen. Cells from which of the following areas of the kidney are most likely to show the first signs of anoxic injury? A) Bowman's Capsule B)Distal conuvulated tubule C) Efferent arterioles D) Glomerulus E) Proximal Tubulearrow_forwardExplain the role of renin-angiotensin - aldosterone pathway in restoring blood pressure and fluid balance. Include the stimulus for release, the pathway that is involved, and the physiological effects of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Answer should include: Identify stimulus/change that starts the pathway (i.e. Identify the direction of change IN BP or circulating fluid status) What happens in the juxtaglomerular cells? Clue: what stimulus causes the release of renin? Explain action of renin - what protein does it act on? What is it converted to? Which enzymes converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2? What are the actions of angiotensin 2? Clue: stimulates adrenal context to produce what? And what effect does angiotensin 2 have on blood vessels? What causes reabsorption of Na into blood ? What effect does this have on blood volume? How is BP restored ? Explain how this relates to equation for BP ( BP= CO x TPR)arrow_forward19, Which of the following would increase glomerular filtration? Multiple Choice constriction of efferent arteriole because it will increase blood flow to the glomerulus constriction of afferent arteriole because it will increase blood flow to the glomerulus increase in the osmotic pressure of blood in glomerular capillaries increase in the hydrostatic pressure of filtrate in the glomerular capsulearrow_forward
- 1. During severe exertion in a hot environment, a person can lose up to 3 L of sweat per hour. What effect would this loss have on urine concentration and rate of production? Explain the mechanisms involved.arrow_forwardThe mammalian kidney contains an immense network of nephrons that functions to conserve water by producing urine that is hyperosmotic compared to other body fluids. Describe in detail how the transport epithelia of the nephron and collecting duct are able to use transport mechanisms to process the filtrate as it moves through the vessels and produce a hyperosmotic filtrate.arrow_forwardCompare the myogenic response in a nephron and tubuloglomerular feedback.arrow_forward
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