CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY 12E PERUSALL
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135858080
Author: Urry
Publisher: PERUSALL
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Chapter 45, Problem 1TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Hormones can be defined as the chemical substances which act as signaling molecules and are sent to the different parts of the body for the development, growth of the cells. Hormones can affect growth, mood, stress, sexual function and also reproduction, etc.
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Which statement about hormones is accurate?
Hormones cause an instantaneous stimulating
effect.
Hormones stimulate only one target organ or
group of cells.
Hormones are produced by the central nervous
system and stored in exocrine glands.
Hormones are transported from endocrine glands
by the circulatory system.
O
O
O
Which of the choices listed below is the correct order of events for the action of lipid-soluble hormones?
O Hormone diffuses across cell membrane, hormone binds to receptors, translation of new protein, transcription of mRNA,
cell's activity is altered.
O Hormone binds to DNA, hormone binds to receptors, cell activity is altered, transcription, and translation.
O Hormone diffuses across cell membrane, binds to receptors, receptors bind to DNA, transcription of mRNA, translation of
new protein, cell's activity is altered.
O Hormone binds to receptor, translation of protein, gene expression is turned on, cell's activity is altered.
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The nervous and endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis. These two systems differ in terms of method of communication, speed of communication, duration of response, target pathway, and actions of effectors.Select the FOUR statements below that describe the endocrine system.
Sends hormones via the bloodstream
Sends hormones via neural pathways or electrochemical transmission
Fast-acting (milliseconds)
Slow-acting (minutes/hours/days)
Causes glands to secrete or muscles to contract
Causes changes in metabolic activities
Acts on specific glands or muscles
Sends hormones to a broad range of target cells
Chapter 45 Solutions
CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY 12E PERUSALL
Ch. 45.1 - How do response mechanisms in target cells differ...Ch. 45.1 - What type of gland would you expect to secrete...Ch. 45.1 - WHAT IF? Predict what would happen if you...Ch. 45.2 - What are the roles of oxytocin and prolactin in...Ch. 45.2 - How do the two fused glands of the pituitary gland...Ch. 45.2 - WHAT IF? 2192 Propose an explanation for why...Ch. 45.2 - what if? Lab tests of two patients, each...Ch. 45.3 - If a hormone pathway produces a transient response...Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 45.3 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 45 - MAKE CONNECTIONS What forms of signaling activate...Ch. 45 - Which major endocrine organs described in Figure...Ch. 45 - Prob. 45.3CRCh. 45 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 45 - Growth factors are local regulators that (A) are...Ch. 45 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 45 - Which of the following is the most likely...Ch. 45 - The relationship between the insect hormones...Ch. 45 - DRAW IT In mammals, milk production by mammary...Ch. 45 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 45 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 11. WRITE ABOUT A...Ch. 45 - Prob. 12TYU
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- Which of the following stimulate the secretion of hormones? a. neural signals b. local chemical changes c. hormonal signals stimulate hormone secretion d. environmental cues e. all of the above canarrow_forwardA hormone molecule binds to a receptor on a cell membrane. It doesnt enter the cell; rather, the binding activates a second messenger inside the cell that triggers an amplified response to the hormonal signal. Is the signaling molecule a steroid or a nonsteroid hormone?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are false regarding the endocrine (hormones) in comparison to the paracrine system? (there may be more than one answer) Hormones are less stable than paracrine signals Hormones have a lower affinity for their receptors than paracrine signals Hormones are produced in a greater quantity than are paracrine signals Hormones are produced by most cell types; paracrine signals are only produced as a response to an insult (wound or infection). Hormones are produced from cells at a greater distance to their response elements than paracrine signaling.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about hormones is correct? O steroid hormones are water soluble O epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine are all catecholamines O receptor molecules of water soluble hormones are usually cell membrane proteins O water soluble hormones act on target cells by altering gene expression O Amine hormones are all lipid soluble O receptor molecules of lipid soluble hormones are usually in the cytoplasm or nucleus, but can also be in the cell membrane O insulin, growth hormone, and ecdysone are all examples of peptide hormonesarrow_forwardWhy can a single endocrine hormone produce a wider spread of responses in more of the body than a single nerve cell? Group of answer choices Blood can carry all the same hormones throughout the body simultaneously, producing responses all over the body; nerve cells can only target a small number of cells. Nerve cells and blood work together. The endocrine has nothing to do with the nervous system. Endocrine hormones only target a very small number of precise responses. A single hormone can target many different responses, whereas a nerve only targets a single response.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are not hormones (more than one answer may be correct)? A molecule that is released by fat into the bloodstream and targets reproductive organs, hair and adipose tissue. A molecule that is released by neurons and targets other neurons nearby A molecule that is released by neurons and targets muscles and endocrine glands throughout the body A molecule that is released by the pancreas that breaks down proteins in the intestinearrow_forward
- In comparison to protein hormones, steroid hormones: (Select all that apply). O Have a longer half-life O Have a shorter half life O Are water-soluble O Are lipid-soluble O Can cross the cell membrane O Cannot cross the cell membrane Can interact with receptors on the cell surface O Can interact with receptors in the nucleus or cytoplasmarrow_forwardWhich of the following terms refers to a hormone interaction that makes the target cell responsive to or more responsive to a second hormone? Group of answer choices Antagonistic Additive Permissive Synergismarrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains how hormone antagonists work? Multiple Choice By flooding the cancerous cells with hormones By blocking actions of hormones that the cancer cells need to function By competing with uracil or cytarabine and metabolizing the nutrients required for hormone production By inhibiting folic acid, which is essential for blood cell and hormone productionarrow_forward
- Which of the following are ways in which hormones exert their effects? - by controlling the rates of enzymatic reactions - by controlling changes in gene transcription - by activating postsynaptic receptors and generating EPSPs in hypothalamic neurons - by controlling the transport of ions across a cell membranearrow_forwardOne of the main endocrine glands in the human body is the pituitary gland. This gland produces a variety of hormones with different effects. Among these are a heterogeneous group of hormones called tropic hormones, which directly stimulate the secretion of other hormones from downstream endocrine glands. Which of the following are tropic hormones? Select all that apply. LH Prolactin Oxytocin ACTH TSH testosteronearrow_forwardThe table below lists the functions of many of the hormones you have studied. From the keys below, fill in the hormones respon- sible for each function, and the endocrine glands that produce each hormone. Glands may be used more than once. Hormones Key: Glands Key: ACTH FSH prolactin adrenal cortex parathyroid glands posterior pituitary ADH PTH adrenal medulla glucagon insulin aldosterone T3/T4 anterior pituitary testes cortisol LH testosterone hypothalamus thyroid gland epinephrine oxytocin TSH ovaries estrogens progesterone pancreas Function Hormone(s) Synthesizing Gland(s) 1. Regulate the function of another endocrine gland (tropic) 2. 3. 4. 1. Maintain salt and water balance in the extracellular fluid 2. Directly involved in milk production and ejection 1. 2. 1. Controls the rate of body metabolism and cellular oxidation Regulates blood calcium levels 1. 1. Regulate blood glucose levels; produced by the same "mixed" gland 2. Released in response to stressors 1. 2. 1. Drive…arrow_forward
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