CONNECT ACCESS FOR BIOL 01204 <C>
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264443123
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 45, Problem 2S
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The change in energy source in skeletal muscles as one switches from running to jogging and why.
Introduction:
To do any kind of work, the muscles have to contract. Muscle contraction is an active process which implies that it needs energy (ATP). Energy can be produced aerobically (in presence of oxygen) or even anaerobically (in absence of oxygen).
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You are at the gym and doing strength training. You feel in good shape and should try to break personal records in squats. You place the bar on your back and begin to take in, that is, your motor neurons begin to send action potentials through all your motor units to the thigh muscles.
What is the contraction called when you a) bend down and b) are in good shape and can generate more force than the bar weighs c) stay standing in one and the same position without being able to push yourself up in a standing position?
Which of the following alters the force of skeletal muscle contraction?
the frequency of stimulation
does NOT alter the force of skeletal muscle contraction alters the force of skeletal muscle contraction
the size of the fibers being stimulated
does NOT alter the force of skeletal muscle contraction alters the force of skeletal muscle contraction
the number of muscle fibers stimulated
does NOT alter the force of skeletal muscle contraction alters the force of skeletal muscle contraction
the length- tension relationship of the muscle
does NOT alter the force of skeletal muscle contraction alters the force of skeletal muscle contraction
How does muscles get bigger with resistance training?
atrophy occurs
myopathy occurs
muscle cells grow
muscle cells divide
Chapter 45 Solutions
CONNECT ACCESS FOR BIOL 01204 <C>
Ch. 45.1 - Compare hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and...Ch. 45.1 - Explain how animals with hydrostatic skeletons...Ch. 45.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 45.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 45.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 45.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 45.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 45.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 45.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 45.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 45.5 - Describe how friction and gravity affect...Ch. 45.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 45 - Prob. 1IQCh. 45 - Exoskeletons and endoskeletons differ in that a....Ch. 45 - Worms use a hydrostatic skeleton to generate...Ch. 45 - Bone develops by one of two mechanisms depending...Ch. 45 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 45 - Motor neurons stimulate muscle contraction via the...Ch. 45 - Prob. 6UCh. 45 - If you wanted to study the use of ATP during a...Ch. 45 - Place the following events in the correct order....Ch. 45 - You take X-rays of two individuals. Ray has been a...Ch. 45 - You have identified a calcium storage disease in...Ch. 45 - How do the muscles move your hand through space?...Ch. 45 - How can osteocytes remain alive within bone? a....Ch. 45 - Swimming underwater using forelimbs for propulsion...Ch. 45 - If a drug inhibits the release of ACh, what will...Ch. 45 - Prob. 1SCh. 45 - Prob. 2SCh. 45 - The nerve gas methylphosphonofluoridic acid...Ch. 45 - If natural selection favors the evolution of wings...
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- Figure 38.37 Which of the following statements about muscle contraction is true? The power stroke occurs when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and phosphate. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the myosin head. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the actin active site. The power stroke occurs when Ca2+ binds the calcium head.arrow_forwardHow would ine generate more muscle tension to pick up something heavy? Increase activation of motor units Increase muscle tone Decrease calcium release Decrease muscle hypertrophy Decrease muscle hyperplasiaarrow_forwardIn some fitness exercises you will build muscle mass but do not train the muscle to be effective. What type of training will do that and why do people do these types of trainings?arrow_forward
- Which of the following happens within the sarcomere during muscle contraction? The myosin filaments "walk" along the actin filaments bidirectionally towards the Z lines. The myosin filaments shorten. The actin filaments shorten. The H bands and I bands both increase in width.arrow_forwardWhen electrically stimulating a skeletal muscle and measuring the force of muscle contraction, which of the following are true? Check All That Apply Increasing the stimulus will increase the muscle contraction force. The recruitment of motor units will increase the muscle contraction force. One weak stimulus will cause an increase in muscle contraction force. Increasing the force will increase the muscle contraction stimulus. Once maximum stimulus has been reached, the muscle will not contract with increased force.arrow_forwardIn the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps requires hydrolysis of ATP to complete? movement of myosin head, pulling the thin filament binding of myosin head to active site on actin resetting of the myosin head back to its ready position letting go of myosin head from the active site on actin sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actinarrow_forward
- What does constant stimulation of a muscle fiber cause? Decreased tension Constant tension Increased motor unit size Tetanus Really mad muscle fibersarrow_forwardWe move a lot and do not even realize how intricate these movements may be from gross motor to fine motor manipulations. Briefly explain the steps involved in a single muscle contraction beginning at the neuromuscular junction through one complete contraction and relaxation for the sliding filament theory. Don’t forget to include all the major proteins (actin, myosin, troponin and tropomyosin) involved as well as calcium and ATP.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true? Multiple Choice Muscles work in antagonistic pairs because if one muscle shortens during contraction, the opposing muscle across the joint must relax. Muscles work in antagonistic pairs because tendons lengthen during contraction. Muscles work in antagonistic pairs because muscles lengthen during contraction. Muscles work in antagonistic pairs because if one muscle pushes during contraction, the opposing muscle across the joint must pull.arrow_forward
- The sliding filament model depicts how myosin motors attached to actin lead to muscle contraction. This process proceeds in a precise series of events. Indicate which of the following shows the correct order of steps in the sliding filament model. Group of answer choices Myosin binds ATP; myosin tightly binds actin; power stroke; myosin releases actin Myosin binds GTP; myosin releases actin; power stroke; myosin tightly binds actin Actin binds ATP; power stroke; myosin tightly binds actin; actin releases ADP Actin binds ADP; myosin releases actin; power stroke; actin releases ADParrow_forwardYou find yourself running away from a pack of zombies in the snow. These zombies aren't very fast but persistent. It looks like you'll need to run for a few miles to get rid of them. What type of muscle fibers will you primarily use to run away? What energy sources in your muscles will you use? Why?arrow_forwardPick the right order for muscle contraction a) ATP attaches to myosin, muscle cell uses calcium, action potential spreads b) Calcium release, binding sites on actin are exposedmyosin binds to actin c) Myosin binds to actin, myosin uses calcium, cell gets shorter d) Action potential is received , cell gets shorter, myosin grabs actinarrow_forward
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