Introduction: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is also called vasopressin. ADH play role in controlling the amount of water that is resorbed into the blood. The rate at which the glomerulus forms the filtrate is called the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer: If a person drinks excess water, the concentration of ADH in the blood would decrease and GFR would increase. Hence, the correct answer is option e.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
On drinking excess water, there will be an increase in the glomerular filtration rate. This occurs due to an increase in the hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries. If a person drinks excess water, ADH will not be secreted in blood; rather the body of the person will try to remove excess water by decreasing ADH to reduce water resorption.
Option e. is given as “Both b and d would occur”.
If a person consumes excess water, ADH concentration in the blood would decrease and GFR would increase. Hence, the correct answer is option e.
Reasons for incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as, “The GFR would decrease”.
When water consumed by a person is excess, glomerular filtration rate will increase due to an increase in the hydrostatic pressure. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as, “The concentration of ADH in the blood would decrease”.
ADH increases resorption of water from the distal convoluted tubule into the circulatory fluid. If a person drinks excess water, ADH will not be secreted in blood; rather the body of the person will try to remove excess water by decreasing ADH to reduce water resorption. In such a case, excess urine will also be produced due to an increased GFR. Hence, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as, “The concentration of ADH in the blood would increase”.
ADH helps in the resorption of water. Increase in the level of ADH is seen when a person faces dehydration and not when a person has consumed an excess of water. Hence, option c. is incorrect.
Option d. is given as, “GFR would increase”.
On drinking excess water, the hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries will increase. This will lead to an increase in the glomerular filtration rate. In such a case, excess urine will be produced due to an increased GFR. The body will also try to remove excess water by decreasing ADH, thereby reducing water resorption Hence, option d. is incorrect.
Hence, the options a., b., c. and d. are incorrect.
On drinking too much water, the ADH levels will decrease in the blood and urine formation will be higher due to an increase in the GFR.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 49 Solutions
BIOLOGY
- Suppose the kidneys of a person are damaged, can you predict what is going to happen to him?arrow_forwardGiven: The concentration of glucose in the blood is 1 mg/mL. This person then decides to go for a brisk run, which doubles GFR. a. What effect will this have on the amount of inulin and glucose present in their urine? Why? (answer a )arrow_forwardPart 1 Marina is taking a drug that is metabolized into pharmacologically inert, water-soluble by-products before being excreted. What will be the effect of this process? A. Marina's body will be less able to reabsorb the substance before it is excreted. B, Marina's body will be more likely to reabsorb the substance before it is excreted. C.The substance will be inactivated before it is excreted. D. The substance will have its strongest effect just before it is excreted. Part 1a A drug administered via inhalation is absorbed through the nasal membranes and sinuses. True Falsearrow_forward
- How would damage to the renal capillaries resulting in an increase in protein filtration and urinary excretion affect net filtration pressure in the systemic circulation? a. Increase capillary reabsorption due to an increase in interstitial colloid osmotic pressure b. Increase capillary filtration due to an increase in interstitial hydrostatic pressure c. Increase capillary filtration due to a decrease in blood colloid osmotic pressure d. Increase capillary reabsorption due to increased blood hydrostatic pressurearrow_forwardA scientist is analyzing a sample of blood that was obtained from a dog. Which of these findings would most strongly indicate that the excretory system of the dog is not functioning properly?arrow_forwardhat is role of skin, lungs and intestine in the process of excretion in man?arrow_forward
- A pt was born with a rare genetic disorder in which the proximal tubules of her nephrons express half the number of aquaporins as normal. What will result? A. reduced reabsorption of water, although as much reabsorption of Na+ as is typical? b. reduced reabsorption of water, Na+ and glucose in the proximal tubules? c. Reduced reabsorption of both water and Na+ in equal proportions? D. Reduced reabsorption of all materials in the proximal tubules.arrow_forwardThe hormone ANP is released from the heart and causes the urinary system to A) decrease urine volume and increase blood volume. B) increase urine volume and blood volume. C) decrease urine volume and blood volume. D) increase urine volume and decrease blood volume.arrow_forwardGiven: The liver and kidneys both extract molecules from the blood. a. How do their routes of excretion differ? (answer a)arrow_forward
- Blood pressure forces water and small solutes out of blood and into nephrons during ________. a. glomerular filtration c. tubular secretion b. tubular reabsorption d. both a and carrow_forwardIn which region(s) would reabsorption under the influence of hormones occur? Check all that you think would applyarrow_forwardpig Explain how the nephron of the kidney removes waste while retaining the essential components of the blood.arrow_forward
- Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative a...NursingISBN:9781305964792Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy CorreaPublisher:Cengage Learning