PSYCHOLOGY:MARG.GLOSS.-W/ACCESS>CUSTOM<
PSYCHOLOGY:MARG.GLOSS.-W/ACCESS>CUSTOM<
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781269926225
Author: Ciccarelli
Publisher: PEARSON C
Question
Book Icon
Chapter 5, Problem 10TY
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Reinforcement is any event or stimulus that when following a response, causes that response to occur again and again. In other words, reinforcement is a pleasant consequence of an action that organisms wanted to be repeated again. Reinforcement can be of two types of positive and negative reinforcement.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 10TY

Correct answer:

Positive reinforcement results in an increase in the target behavior and negative reinforcement results in an increase in the target behavior. Therefore, option b. is correct.

Option b. is given as “an increase; an increase”.

Explanation of Solution

Reasons for the correct statement:

Positive reinforcement is an event or stimulus that following a response with pleasant consequences and that will lead to an increase in the probability of that response being repeated. Whereas, following a response with the removal or escape from something unpleasant will also increase the possibility of the response being repeated.

Hence, option b. is correct.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as “an increase; a decrease”.

Positive reinforcement results in an increase in the target behavior, and negative reinforcement results also in an increase in the target behavior. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option c. is given as “a decrease; a decrease”.

Positive reinforcement results in an increase in the target behavior, and negative reinforcement results also in an increase in the target behavior. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option d. is given as “a decrease; an increase”.

Positive reinforcement results in an increase in the target behavior, and negative reinforcement results also in an increase in the target behavior. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options a., c., and d. are incorrect.

Conclusion

Positive reinforcement results in an increase in the target behavior, and negative reinforcement results also in an increase in the target behavior.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)
Psychology
ISBN:9780134477961
Author:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Publisher:PEARSON
Text book image
Cognitive Psychology
Psychology
ISBN:9781337408271
Author:Goldstein, E. Bruce.
Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Text book image
Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and ...
Psychology
ISBN:9781337565691
Author:Dennis Coon, John O. Mitterer, Tanya S. Martini
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Psychology in Your Life (Second Edition)
Psychology
ISBN:9780393265156
Author:Sarah Grison, Michael Gazzaniga
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Text book image
Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research a...
Psychology
ISBN:9781285763880
Author:E. Bruce Goldstein
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Theories of Personality (MindTap Course List)
Psychology
ISBN:9781305652958
Author:Duane P. Schultz, Sydney Ellen Schultz
Publisher:Cengage Learning