Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The given table should be completed.
Concept Introduction:
- Symbol is one or two letter abbreviation for an element.
Atomic number of an element is defined as number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element. Each element has uniqueatomic number, - Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
Answer to Problem 19CR
Symbol | Name | Atomic number | Group number |
| Aluminum | 13 | 13 |
| Radon | 86 | 2 |
| Sulfur | 16 | 16 |
| Strontium | 38 | 2 |
| Bromine | 35 | 17 |
| Carbon | 6 | 14 |
| Barium | 56 | 2 |
| Radium | 88 | 2 |
| Sodium | 11 | 1 |
| Potassium | 19 | 1 |
| Germanium | 32 | 14 |
| Chlorine | 17 | 17 |
Explanation of Solution
Given:
Symbol | Name | Atomic number | Group number |
| |||
Radon | |||
Sulfur | |||
38 | |||
| |||
Carbon | |||
| |||
88 | |||
11 | |||
| |||
Germanium | |||
17 |
- Symbol: Al
The given symbol is Al which is the atomic symbol of Aluminum and its atomic number is 13. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Al is:
[Ne] 3s23p1
The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 3(valence shell electrons) = 13
- Name: radon
[Rn] 7s2
The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 2 (valence shell electrons)
- Name: sulfur
The given name is sulfur which has atomic symbol S and its atomic number is 16. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of S is:
[Ne] 3s2 3p4
The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 6 (valence shell electrons) = 16
- Atomic number: 38
The given atomic number is 38 which is the atomic number of strontium, which is represented by symbol Sr. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Sr is:
[Kr]5s2
The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 2 (valence shell electrons)
- Symbol: Br
The given symbol is Br which is the atomic symbol of Bromine and its atomic number is 35. The group number is determined by the valence shell electronic configuration, the valence shell electronic configuration of Br is:
[Ar]3d104s24p5
The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 7 (valence shell electrons) = 17
- Name: carbon
[He]2s22p2
The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 4 (valence shell electrons) = 14
- Symbol: Ba
[Xe]6s2
The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 2 (valence shell electrons)
- Atomic number: 88
[Rn]7s2
The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 2 (valence shell electrons)
- Atomic number: 11
[Ne]3s1
The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 1 (valence shell electrons)
- Symbol: K
[Ar]4s1
The valence shell electron is in s-orbital so, the group number = 1 (valence shell electrons)
- Name: germanium
[Ar]3d104s24p2
The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 4 (valence shell electrons) = 14
- Atomic number: 17
[Ne]3s23p5
The valence shell electron is in p-orbital so, the group number = 10 + 7 (valence shell electrons) = 17
Hence, the complete table is:
Symbol | Name | Atomic number | Group number |
| Aluminum | 13 | 13 |
| Radon | 86 | 2 |
| Sulfur | 16 | 16 |
| Strontium | 38 | 2 |
| Bromine | 35 | 17 |
| Carbon | 6 | 14 |
| Barium | 56 | 2 |
| Radium | 88 | 2 |
| Sodium | 11 | 1 |
| Potassium | 19 | 1 |
| Germanium | 32 | 14 |
| Chlorine | 17 | 17 |
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