Interpretation:
Whether one can account for the boiling point of the product in terms of the known boiling points or not should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Simple distillation is the process by which two volatile liquids that have a boiling point difference of at least
Explanation of Solution
When the two miscible liquids are mixed the mixture will contain molecules of each component. Boiling point of the substance is that temperature value at which vapor pressure of liquid is equal to value of atmospheric pressure and the liquid changes into a vapor.
Raoult's Law state that vapor pressure of mixture is the summation of the product of partial pressure and mole fraction of each component present in the mixture. Therefore the vapor pressure of the mixture is always higher than the pressure of known components present in it.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments
- For the reaction determine A) Why the reaction is performed with a distillation setup instead of a reflux. B) What conditions could affect the reaction to cause less than a 100% yeild. C) If magnesium sulfate is used as a reagent, what would the melting point indicates about the product if not enough of the magnesium sulfate is used?arrow_forwardGive the equation for boiling point correction and explain the meaning of each variable. Why do we not need to correct boiling points when running distillation experiments at a simple school level?arrow_forwardBased on your research and observations, write the balanced chemical equation/s of the sample/s that will give positive test for Baeyer's reagent. Samples: hexane, cyclohexene, tert-butyl chloride, toluene, waterarrow_forward
- Explain through a laboratory experiment: How is recrystallization of Acetone possible? Can it or how would it be carried out if yes?arrow_forwardAbove is a fractional distillation set up. Name five things wrong with the set up.arrow_forwardAn ethanol/water mixture forms an azeotropic mixture. Why is it not possible to obtain a pure sample of ethanol from the mixture by fractional distillation? How would you obtain pure ethanol from the azeotropic mixture?arrow_forward
- Sn1 reaction in five sentences or less discuss how your product mixture is separated from all reactant and byproducts starting with the desired products and four other components present in the mixture. Begin by indicating how the first component is separated from the others and how the solubility of one compound versus the others in the solvent played a major role in this separation.arrow_forwardIf you do not heat your crucible strongly enough to remove all volatile impurities when you heat the crucible empty, what will be the result if those impurities are completely volatilized when heating your sample?arrow_forwardUse an apparatus similar to that shown and assume that the round-bottom flask holds 10 mL and that the Claisen head has an internal volume of about 2 mL in the vertical section. At the end of a distillation, vapor would fill this volume, but it could not be forced through the system. No liquid would remain in the distillation flask. Assuming this holdup volume of 12 mL, use the ideal gas law and assume a boiling point of 100°C (760 mm Hg) to calculate the number of microliters of liquid (d = 0.9 g/mL, MW = 200) that would recondense into the distillation flask on cooling.arrow_forward
- If Compound Y is characterized by having a melting point of 124°C under normal atmospheric pressure. Determine which of the following samples (VWXY) is high likely to contain the highest % of Compound Y? Sample W (114-122°C) Sample V (126-131°C) Sample Y (121-123°C Sample X (119-120°C)arrow_forwardWhat parameters should be considered when choosing between distillation methods? Are there any differences in equipment or technique?arrow_forwardWhat is the problem with using a solvent with a very high boiling point for recrystallization?arrow_forward
- Macroscale and Microscale Organic ExperimentsChemistryISBN:9781305577190Author:Kenneth L. Williamson, Katherine M. MastersPublisher:Brooks ColeChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
- EBK A SMALL SCALE APPROACH TO ORGANIC LChemistryISBN:9781305446021Author:LampmanPublisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT