Concept explainers
Label the following structures on the accompanying diagram of a long bone.
■ diaphysis
■ articular surfaces of the proximal end of the bone
■ epiphysis
■ articular surfaces of the distal end of the bone
(a) ____
(b) ____
(c) ____
(d) ____
To review:
Label the following terms in the given diagram of a long bone: diaphysis, articular surfaces of the proximal end of the bone, epiphysis, and articular surfaces of the distal end of the bone.
Introduction:
Bone is the hard rigid structure that makes up the skeleton system of the body. It provides the framework to the body. The bones have two types of tissues, compact bone and spongy bone. The former is rigid, while the spongy forms an open networks of sheets. The compact bone is arranged in concentric layers around the spongy bone.
Explanation of Solution
The structures of the long bone are labeled as below:
The bones have two end that are known as proximal and distal epiphyses and these ends are separated by a long cylindrical shaft, which is called as diaphysis. The distal end points outwards from the center of the body, whereas the proximal end points toward the center of the body.
The junction where epiphysis meets the diaphysis is known as epiphyseal plate or metaphysis. In the diaphysis, there is hollow region, which is called as medullary cavity. The lining around the medullary cavity is endosteum, whereas the outermost covering of the bone providing blood is periosteum.
Therefore, the structures of a long bone are
a | Articular surfaces of the proximal end of the bone |
b | Diaphysis |
c | Epiphysis |
d | Articular surfaces of the distal end of the bone |
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