BIOLOGY:LIFE ON EARTH-W/ACCESS
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134669076
Author: Audesirk
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 2FTB
A membrane that is permeable to some substances but not to others isdescribed as being ____. The movement of a substance through a membrane down its concentration gradient is called ____. When applied to water, this process is called ___. Channels that are specific for water are called _______. The process that moves substances through a membrane against their concentration gradient is called _____.
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The movement of water is called osmosis. Osmosis is the diffusion of water, and it too moves to reach equilibrium.
The relationship between solute concentration and water are opposite. An area with high concentration of solute has less water "concentration", and an area of low solute concentration has a higher water "concentration".
Select the options that describe the movement of water if there is a gradient across a membrane.
Hint:
There are two correct answers. One with the solute perspective and one with a water perspective.
Select all that apply:
Water moves from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration.
Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.
Water moves from an area of high water "concentration" to an area of low water "concentration".
Water moves from an area of low water "concentration" to an area of high water "concentration".
Cotransport is ____________
movement of water down concentration gradient using a protein channel
movement of materials against their concentration gradient
movement of one substance against, and one substance down their concentration gradients
movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration using no protein channels
movement of materials down their concentration gradient using a protein channel
A solution of water and dissolved ions is separated by a selectively permeable membrane that allows the passage of water but not small ions. The concentration of sodium is higher on one side of the membrane than onthe other side. However, there is no net movement of water across the membrane. How is this possible?
Chapter 5 Solutions
BIOLOGY:LIFE ON EARTH-W/ACCESS
Ch. 5 - Animal cells are surrounded by ______ fluid. This...Ch. 5 - Which of the following cannot enter a cell by...Ch. 5 -
3. Glycoproteins are important for
a. binding...Ch. 5 - Diffusions a. is always facilitated. b. occurs by...Ch. 5 - Which of the following is not true of endocytosis?...Ch. 5 -
1. Membranes consist of a bilayer of ________....Ch. 5 - A membrane that is permeable to some substances...Ch. 5 - Facilitated diffusion involves either _____...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4FTBCh. 5 -
5. After each molecule, place the two-word term...
Ch. 5 - Prob. 6FTBCh. 5 - Describe and diagram the structure of a plasma...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2RQCh. 5 - What are the five categories of proteins commonly...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4RQCh. 5 -
5. Define hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic....Ch. 5 -
6. Describe the following types of transport...Ch. 5 - Name the protein that allows facilitated diffusion...Ch. 5 - Imagine a container of glucose solution, divided...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9RQCh. 5 -
1. Different cells have different plasma...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2AC
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- Osmosis is _________________ movement of water down its concentration gradient using a protein channel movement of materials against their concentration gradient movement of one substance against, and one substance down their concentration gradients movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration using no protein channels movement of materials down their concentration gradient using a protein channelarrow_forwardOne system consists of a permeable membrane with an intracellular concentration greater than the extracellular concentration. A second system is a semi-permeable membrane with intracellular concentration less than the extracellular concentration. Describe the solution type for each system. Group of answer choices The permeable membrane is hypotonic, the semi-permeable membrane is isotonic. Both systems are isotonic. The permeable membrane is isotonic, the semi-permeable membrane is hypertonic. The permeable membrane is isotonic, the semi-permeable membrane is hypotonic. The permeable membrane is hypertonic, the semi-permeable membrane is isotonic.arrow_forwardDuring osmosis through a selectively permeable membrane, a. water moves down its concentration gradient b. water moves to an area of higher solute concentration c. solutes move against their concentration gradient d. both a and b are correct e. both a and c are correct f. all of the above are correctarrow_forward
- The movement of water and electrolytes between fluid compartments is regulated primarily by _______ A. Group of answer choices B. active and passive transport. C. diet and weather. D. diffusion and osmosis. E. hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure. F. pinocytosis and phagocytosis.arrow_forwardIn osmosis, water moves from a _____ concentration to a _____ lower concentration. Select one: higher, lower higher, higher lower, higher lower, lowerarrow_forwardWhat determines which way materials move during diffusion and osmosis? a. concentration gradient b. polarity c. crenation d. particle sizearrow_forward
- In which situation would passive transport not use atransport protein for entry into a cell?a. water flowing into a hypertonic environmentb. glucose being absorbed from the bloodc. an ion flowing into a nerve cell to create anelectrical potentiald. oxygen moving into a cell after oxygen deprivationarrow_forwardIf the fluid within a cell contains a lower concentration of dissolved solutes compared to the external fluid surrounding the cell, we say that the cellular fluid is ________ relative to the external fluid, and water will ________ the cell. hypertonic / flow into hypertonic / flow out of hypotonic / flow into hypotonic / flow out of isotonic / have the same flow rate into and out ofarrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. osmosis b. osmotic pressure c. membrane potential d. isotonic solution e. structured waterarrow_forward
- When the nerves deliver a signal to contract, Ca++ (calcium ions) rush into the cell. The calcium ion influx causes specialized fibers to contract. Afterward, calcium ions are pumped out of the cell by calcium ATPases. What transport type(s) is occuring?s antiporter only ion gated transport followed by active transport active transport only ion gated transport only active transport followed by ion gated transportarrow_forwardWhen a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution,a. solute exits the cell to equalize the concentration on both sides ofthe membrane.b. water exits the cell toward the area of lower solute concentration.c. water exits the cell toward the area of higher soluteconcentration.d. there is no net movement of water or solute.arrow_forwardDescribe the ways in which the membrane is "fluid"arrow_forward
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