Concept explainers
Biological oxygen demand (BOD) is a measure of the relative oxygen depletion effect of a waste contaminant and is widely used to assess the amount of pollution in a water source. The BOD in the effluent (Lcin mg/L) of a rock filter without recirculation is given by:
where L0is the influent BOD (mg/L), D is the depth of the filter (m), and Q is the hydraulic flow rate [L/(m2-day)]. Assuming Q = 300 L/(m2-day) plot the effluent HOD as a
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Chapter 5 Solutions
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
- A driver of a car stopped at a gas station to fill up his gas tank. He looked at his watch, and the time read exactly 3:40 p.m. At this time, he started pumping gas into the tank. At exactly 3:44, the tank was full and he noticed that he had pumped 10.7 gallons. What is the average rate of flow of the gasoline into the gas tank?arrow_forwardLet f(x)=1x . Find a number c such that the average rate of change of the functionfon the interval (1,c) is 14arrow_forwardTable 6 shows the population, in thousands, of harbor seals in the Wadden Sea over the years 1997 to 2012. a. Let x represent time in years starting with x=0 for the year 1997. Let y represent the number of seals in thousands. Use logistic regression to fit a model to these data. b. Use the model to predict the seal population for the year 2020. c. To the nearest whole number, what is the limiting value of this model?arrow_forward
- The kinetic energy E of an object varies jointly with the object’s mass m and the square of the object’s velocity v . An object with a mass of 50 kilograms traveling at 16 meters per second has a kinetic energy of 6400 joules. What is the kinetic energy of an object with a mass of 70 kilograms traveling at 20 meters per second?arrow_forwardThe efficiency for a steel specimen immersed in a phosphating tank is the weight of the phosphate coating divided by the metal loss (both in mg/ft). An article gave the accompanying data on tank temperature (x) and efficiency ratio (y). Temp. 171 173 174 175 175 176 177 178 Ratio 0.86 1.29 1.40 1.05 1.01 1.04 0.94 1.78 Temp. 181 181 181 181 181 182 182 183 Ratio 1.41 1.56 1.63 2.03 2.07 0.76 1.47 0.84 Temp. 183 183 183 185 185 186 187 189 Ratio 1.75 1.92 2.64 1.39 2.58 2.90 1.81 3.16 In USE SALT (a) Determine the equation of the estimated regression line. (Round all numerical values to four decimal places.) y = -15.3081 + 0.0939x (b) Calculate a point estimate for true average efficiency ratio when tank temperature is 183. (Round your answer to four decimal places.) 1.8756 (c) Calculate the values of the residuals from the least squares line for the four observations for which temperature is 183. (Round your answers to two decimal places.) (183, 0.84) |-1.03 (183, 1.75) |-0.12 (183,…arrow_forwardThe efficiency for a steel specimen immersed in a phosphating tank is the weight of the phosphate coating divided by the metal loss (both in mg/ft2). An article gave the accompanying data on tank temperature (x) and efficiency ratio (y). Temp. Ratio Ratio 173 Temp. 183 0.76 Ratio 175 1.29 1.38 183 Temp. 185 185 176 USE SALT 183 185 1.87 2.04 2.70 177 1.51 1.70 1.65 2.21 2.07 0.99 X 177 183 183 187 1.01 0.98 178 187 184 179 188 1.06 184 0.74 1.47 189 180 1.82 185 0.92 191 1.59 2.42 2.92 1.95 3.14 (a) Determine the equation of the estimated regression line. (Round all numerical values to four decimal places.) y = 16.6666 + 0.1005x I X ÷ VO mathPa Operatio Function Symbols Relation Setsarrow_forward
- Emissions of sulfur dioxide by industry set off chemical changes in the atmosphere that result in "acid rain". The acidity of liquids is measured by pH on a scale of 00 to 14.14. Distilled water has pH 7.0,7.0, and lower pH values indicate acidity. Normal rain is somewhat acidic, so "acid rain" is sometimes defined as rainfall with a pH below 5.0.5.0. The pH of rain at one location varies among rainy days according to a Normal distribution with mean 5.43 and standard deviations 0.54. What proportion of rainy days have rainfall with pH below 5.0?5.0?arrow_forwardMist (airborne droplets or aerosols) is generated when metal-removing fluids are used in machining operations to cool and lubricate the tool and workpiece. Mist generation is a concern to OSHA, which has recently lowered substantially the workplace standard. An article gave the accompanying data on x = fluid-flow velocity for a 5% soluble oil (cm/sec) and y the extent of mist droplets having diameters smaller than 10 µm (mg/m³): 85 177 190 354 360 442 960 0.39 0.60 0.45 0.66 0.60 0.69 0.90 (a) The investigators performed a simple linear regression analysis to relate the two variables. Does a scatter plot of the data support this strategy? Yes, a scatter plot shows a reasonable linear relationship. No, a scatter plot does not show a reasonable linear relationship. (b) What proportion of observed variation in mist can be attributed to the simple linear regression relationship between velocity and mist? (Round your answer to three decimal places.) (c) The investigators were particularly…arrow_forwardPLEASE DO E PARTarrow_forward
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