Campbell Biology & Alkaline Vents Supplemental Materials for Campbell Biology & Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Campbell Biology Package
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780133984293
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 50, Problem 5TYU
The transduction of sound waves into action potentials occurs
(A) in the tectorial membrane as it is stimulated by hair cells.
(B) when hair cells are bent against the tectorial membrane, causing them to depolarize and release neurotransmitter that stimulates sensory neurons.
(C) as the basilar membrane vibrates at different frequencies in response to the varying volume of sounds.
(D) within the middle ear as the vibrations are amplified by the malleus, incus, and stapes.
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The transduction of sound waves into action potentials occurs(A) in the tectorial membrane as it is stimulated by hair cells.(B) when hair cells are bent against the tectorial membrane,causing them to depolarize and release neurotransmitterthat stimulates sensory neurons.(C) as the basilar membrane vibrates at different frequenciesin response to the varying volume of sounds.(D) within the middle ear as the vibrations are amplified by themalleus, incus, and stapes
(a) choose one part of the auditory conductive mechanism--the outer ear or middle ear--and describe how sound is transduced (changed from acoustic energy to mechanical energy) through that part of the auditory system, and
(b) comment on how the anatomy of that part of the ear enables normal auditory conductive physiology.
If the auditory cortex is damaged, the individual will respond to sounds and have normal acoustic reflexes, but (a) the sounds may produce nerve deafness. (b) the auditory ossicle may be immobilized. (c) sound interpretation and pattern recognition may be impossible. (d) normal transfer of vibration to the oval window is inhibited.
Chapter 50 Solutions
Campbell Biology & Alkaline Vents Supplemental Materials for Campbell Biology & Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Campbell Biology Package
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Ch. 50.3 - Prob. 4CCCh. 50.4 - Explain why some taste receptor cells arid all...Ch. 50.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 50.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 50.5 - Contrast the role of Ca2+ in the contraction of a...Ch. 50.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 50.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 50.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 50.6 - Contrast swimming and flying in terms of the main...Ch. 50.6 - WHAT IF? When using your arms to lower yourself...Ch. 50 - Sensory receptors transduce stimulus energy and...Ch. 50 - How are music volume and pitch encoded in signals...Ch. 50 - Prob. 50.3CRCh. 50 - Prob. 50.4CRCh. 50 - What are two major functions of ATP hydrolysis in...Ch. 50 - Prob. 50.6CRCh. 50 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 50 - The middle ear converts (A) air pressure waves to...Ch. 50 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 50 - Which sensory distinction is not encoded by a...Ch. 50 - The transduction of sound waves into action...Ch. 50 - Although some sharks close their eyes just before...Ch. 50 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 50 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION In general, locomotion on...Ch. 50 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 50 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 50 - Prob. 11TYU
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- The transmission of sound vibrations through the internal ear occurs chiefly through (a) nerve fibers, (b) air, (c) fluid, (d) bone.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning the inner ear is TRUE?  Question 3 options:  a) The bony labyrinth within the tempoal bone contains spaces for the semicircular canals and the cochlea.  b) The fibers of the cochlear nerve are attached to hair cells in the semicircular canals to carry information about movements of the head.  c) The frequency of sound waves as defined by their wavelengths are perceived as pitch and are measured in decibels (dB).  d) The saccule and utricle are critical sensory receptors for interpreting language, distinct from other sounds.arrow_forwarda) choose one part of the auditory sensorineural mechanism--the inner ear or retrocochlear auditory pathway--and describe how sound is transduced through that part of the auditory system, and (b) comment on how the anatomy of that part of the ear enables normal auditory sensorineural physiology.arrow_forward
- Regarding auditory physiology, what is the mechanism that generates an action potential and release of neurotransmitter substance? a) pressure waves on cells in the vestibular membrane b) movement of the membrane covering the round window c) movement of the hair cells of the coil member towards the tectorial membrane d) movement of cells in the basement membrane towards the cochleaarrow_forward(a) What is the difference, if any, between a semicircular canal and semicircular duct? Between the cochlea and cochlear duct? (b) Name the three parts of the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear. Which of these parts is for hearing, and which are for balance?arrow_forward(Human physiology) Hearing B is characterized by conductive hearing loss caused by an ear infection or blockage that interferes with the transmission of sound to the inner ear.Why does this patient hear bone conduction sound with lower intensity than other patients? (Should this disease reduce the sensitivity of sound perception?) Between A, C and D, which patients had neurological hearing damage causing overall reduction in hearing acuity and which patients had damage caused by an air horn? Why? (sorry for my bad english)arrow_forward
- (Bonus) Deafness and hearing loss are a widespread issue. According to WHO, currently more than 1.5 billion people (nearly 20% of the global population) live with hearing loss. From what you learned about our auditory system, briefly explain what would happen to hearing in each of the following scenarios. (a) the tectorial membrane can't hold its position and is pushing onto the auditory hair cells constantly. (b) the auditory hair cells near the base of the cochlea are damaged and dead. (c) the endolymph potassium concentration is lower than normal. (d) the perilymph potassium concentration is lower than normal.arrow_forwardThe middle ear converts(A) air pressure waves to fluid pressure waves.(B) air pressure waves to nerve impulses.(C) fluid pressure waves to nerve impulses.(D) pressure waves to hair cell movements.arrow_forwardIn the process of hearing, the basilar membrane vibrates. Which event occurs next? (a) tympanic membrane vibrates (b) bones in middle ear amplify and conduct vibrations (c) cochlear nerve transmits impulses to organ of Corti(d) hair cells in organ of Corti are stimulated (e) vibrations are conducted to chemoreceptorsarrow_forward
- The inner ear is responsible for both hearing and balance. One of the diseases affecting the inner ear is Meniere's disease. Affected individuals often experience vertigo, among other symptoms. Vertigo is a sensation that the surrounding is spinning or swaying in the absence of any body movement. Which of the following rows correctly identifies the affected structure and process in individuals experiencing vertigo? Select one: a. Structure  Process  Semicircular canals  Rotational equilibrium b. Structure  Process Semicircular canals  Gravitational equilibrium c. Structure  Process  Organ of Corti  Gravitational equilibrium d. Structure  Process Organ of Corti  Rotational equilibriumarrow_forwardAnother function of the middle ear is to protect the inner ear from intense sounds. This phenomenon is called the stapedial reflex, and results in the attenuation (decrease) of sound pressure reaching the inner ear. This reflex is consensual, which means that it......arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not part of the auditory ossicles in the middle ear? a) No answer text provided. b) incus (the city) c) malleus (hammaren) d) stapedius (the step)arrow_forward
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