Concept explainers
Introduction:
Earth comprises three portions, namely lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. A major portion of the Earth is submerged in water, which is depicted as the hydrosphere. The solid portion of the Earth is referred to as the lithosphere.
Answer to Problem 1TYK
Correct answer:
The soil, rocks, and sediments on the Earth together form the lithosphere.
Explanation of Solution
Justification/Explanation for the correct answer:
Option (c) is soil, sediments, and rocks. These are solid materials that form the land and are, thus, called the lithosphere. It is the most habitable part on the Earth. Hence, option (c) is correct.
Explanation for the incorrect answers:
Option (a) is oceans. The oceans and other water bodies make three-fourth part of the Earth. The liquid regions of the Earth, which include oceans as well, form the hydrosphere. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (b) is ice caps. Ice caps are found in the poles, which may be a part of the lithosphere, but can quickly be liquefied when the temperature increases. Therefore, it is not a part of the lithosphere. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (d) is gases and air-borne particles. Gases and other particles that hover around in the air are a part of the atmosphere. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (e) is the places where organisms live. All threespherespresent on the Earth and the interaction of the biotic component with these spheres, together constitute the biosphere. So, the places where organisms live can include parts of all the three spheres. So, it is an incorrect option.
Hence, options (a), (b), (d), and (e) are incorrect.
Thus, the land portion of the Earth that is majorly marked by rocks, soil, and sediments denotes the lithosphere.
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Chapter 51 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science
- Illustrate a concept map which shows the interconnection of atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.arrow_forwardWhat characteristics of the human body as a system are similar to the Earth as a system? How do ecosystems illustrate the interactions in the environment? Once the island formed and cooled, what other environmental changes should slowly begin to take place? Think of an example of an open system, and outline some of the matter-energy inputs and outputs involved in such system.arrow_forwardDescribe the movement of of chemical elements/nutrients between organisms and nonliving compartments of the hydrosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere.arrow_forward
- Compare the changes in Earth's past and present atmosphere Earth's early atmosphere Earth's atmosphere today Traces of nitrogen, ammonia, methane Traces of carbon dioxide, water vapour, ammonia, methane 4% water vapour 21% oxygen 95% 78% carbon dioxide nitrogen Average surface temperature above 400°C Average surface temperature 20 °Carrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes the greenhouse effect? prevents solar radiation from reaching the Earth's atmosphere reduces the total amount of radiation reaching the Earth's surface traps light re-radiated from the ground traps heat re-radiated from the Eartharrow_forwardAll living organisms and their interactions which the surrounding environment Biome Landscape Ecosystem Habitatarrow_forward
- As light-colored ice and snow in polar regions melt due to warming, the loss of reflectivity leads to more melting and more warming. This is an example of a positive feedback loop the Milankovitch cycle the albedo effect the greenhouse effect Acidificationarrow_forwardHow does matter and energy circulate in nature? Energy circulates through living things. Energy flows in only one direction, matter flows cyclically. O Energy and matter circulate through biogeochemical cycles. OCirculate between the atmosphere and the lithosphere.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements accurately describes water vapor? The liquid phase of water is water vapor Water vapor is the water's solid phase. Water vapor is water in its gaseous state All of the above The zone composed of air, water, and soil is referred to as Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere Lithosphere 3.Do greenhouse gases serve any purpose on Earth? No, they merely block a portion of the Sun's rays. They do, in fact, keep the Earth warm. Yes, they do maintain all of the gases on our planet in place. No, they merely contribute to catastrophic climate change.arrow_forward
- Where would you expect to find the most photosynthesis in an ocean biome? a. aphotic zone b. abyssal zone c. benthic realm d. intertidal zonearrow_forwardDraw a Concept map of all of these factors: Earth’s systems: hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, biosphere Examples of interactions between systems Negative and positive feedback loops Energy flow and matter cycles Matter cycles: hydrologic cycle, carbon cycle (reservoirs and processes) Greenhouse effect Human impacts on processes and stores of water cycle and carbon cycle Albedo effect and climate change Ocean acidification: causes and effects Atmospheric composition and effects Seasonal trends in carbon dioxide and outcomesarrow_forwardBeach Intertidal zone Neritic zone Open-ocean zone High-tide line Surface zone Transition zone Low-tide line Continental shelf Deep zone Continental slope 1. Make a sketch of this profile: Pencil into your sketch the location of the following zones: Photic Zone, Aphotic Zone, Ocean Basin. 2. Which of these zones zone is the most productive? Explain:arrow_forward
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningConcepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College