BIOLOGY CONNECT ACCESS CARD 1-SEMESTER
BIOLOGY CONNECT ACCESS CARD 1-SEMESTER
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264019090
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG/CREATE
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Chapter 53, Problem 1DA
Summary Introduction

To determine: The approximate mean number of errors that changed from prenatal population to the seventh generation of fast rat population. Also, determine the type of selection in this form of heredity.

Introduction: The rats were intentionally mated through the selective breeding to demonstrate the particular phenotypic and genotypic traits of the rats. The traits were studiedover several generations to convey the information whether rats carry the behavioural heredity to the next generation or not.

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Explanation of Solution

The behavioural variation in the rats was determined by an experiment throughout several generations. The rats that have a genetically diverse group to find the maze by making few errors were labeled with bright, and those who were error-prone were labelled dull. The mating was performed between bright-bright, and dull-dull rats upto the seven generations. The scientist concluded that both types of rats remained genetically separate. The dependent variables concluded the mean number of errors that were made in rats in several trials. The further mating of the dull mother with bright offspring concluded that bright rats were making lesser errors than the dull rats.

The experiment was performed through the artificial selection of the rats that demonstrated the flexibility in the learning ability of rats in response to the environmental factors.

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In the garden shed belonging to one of this text’s authors, stabilizing selection has occurred over the past 10 years in the house mouse, Mus musculus. Which of the following scenarios is an example of stabilizing selection? (a) Small and medium-sized mice cannot reach the seed shelf in the shed and therefore are at a disadvantage for finding food, so they do not survive and reproduce as well as large mice do.(b) Small mice cannot reach the seed shelf, and large mice are easily seen by hawks circling above. Medium-sized mice therefore survive and reproduce better than both small and large mice. (c) Small mice can easily cross the yard to the vegetable garden, and large mice can easily reach the seed shelf. Medium-sized mice have trouble with the seed shelf and are seen by hawks in the yard. Small and large mice survive and reproduce much better than medium-sized mice. (d) All of these are examples of stabilizing selection. (e) None of these are examples of stabilizing selection.
Population and Quantitative Genetics.  Assume the mean value for Trait A in Generation 0 is 0.5. Mean value for those individuals that reproduce in Generation 0 is 0.75. Selection differential, S is 0.25. Predicted response to selection, R is 0.143. What is the predicted mean trait value in Generation 1?
What is the intuitive meaning of the mean fitness of a population? How does its value change in response to natural selection?
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