Introduction:
Fertilization is a process in which haploid male gamete (sperm) fuses with the haploid female gamete (egg or ovum) that result in the formation of diploid zygote. The zygote further develops into blastula, gastrula that later results in the formation of an embryo.
Answer to Problem 1U
Correct answer:
“The events which occur immediately after fertilization is egg activation, polyspermy defense, cytoplasm changes”. Therefore, option d. is correct.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for the correct statement:
Before fertilization, the egg remains in an inactive state until the sperm reach the egg and fertilization process takes place. The fusion of sperm with egg membrane trigger in the rush of
Option d. is given as “All of these occur after fertilization”.
As, “after fertilization the events that take place is egg activation, polyspermy defense and cytoplasm changes” is the right answer.
Hence, the option d. is correct.
Reasons for the incorrect statements:
Option a. is given as “Egg activation”.
The fusion of sperm with the egg membrane triggers the reactivation of egg metabolism is an event occur after fertilization. But after fertilization other events like polyspermy defense, cytoplasm change also occurs. So, it is a wrong answer.
Option b. is given as “Polyspermy defense”.
To prevent the polyspermy is an event that occurs after fertilization. But after fertilization other events like egg activation and change in cytoplasmic content also occurs. So, it is a wrong answer.
Option c. is given as “Cytoplasm changes”.
After fertilization, the egg changes its cytoplasmic content to prevent the polyspermy. But other events like egg activation and polyspermy defense also occurs. So, it is a wrong answer.
Hence, options a., b. and c. are incorrect.
The events that occur after fertilization are egg activation, polyspermy defense and cytoplasm changes.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 53 Solutions
BIOLOGY VOL. II
- If you add a chemical to an egg cell that prevents the fast and slow blocks from occurring but does not prevent the receptor proteins from interacting with sperm recognition proteins, which of the following will happen Group of answer choices A. All sperm would be able to enter the egg b. No sperm would be able to enter the egg c. Polyspermy by the same species would be possible but sperm of different species would be blocked d. Only sperm from different species would be able to enter the eggarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is/are true? A. Spermatogenesis is an example of asymmetric cell division. B. The formation of a mature egg occurs through symmetric cell division. C. Spermatogenesis and oogenesis are both examples of asymmetric cell division. D. Spermatogenesis involves only symmetric cell division whereas oogenesis involves asymmetric cell division.arrow_forwardMatch the germ layer on the right with its contribution to the tissues and organs of the embryo, on the left. v connective tissue stroma A. mesoderm v parenchymal cells, e.g., liver B. ectoderm C. mesoderm D. mesoderm E. endoderm F. endoderm vasculature v innervation v epithelium of enteric secretory duct tubes v epithelium of integumentary system G. ectoderm v elastic membranearrow_forward
- Which of the following stages of the fertilization process stimulates completion of meiosis II in the oocyte’s nucleus? A. The sperm nucleus and egg nucleus combine to form the genetic material of the zygote B. Sperm release enzymes to digest the protein layer of the secondary oocyte C. The entry of a sperm into the secondary oocyte D. The swimming of sperm from the vagina, through the uterus, and up to an oviductarrow_forwardSea urchins exhibit a holoblastic cleavage pattern. What factor contribute to this cleavage pattern? a. The amount/distribution of yolk b. Conditional specification of the vegetal layer by large micromeres c. The angle of the mitotic spindle and its time of formation d. Maternal factorsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about Cleavage? Choose all possible answers a. At the end of cleavage, a 32-cell zygote called morula is formed. b. The angle and timing of mitotic spindle influence the pattern of embryonic cleavage. c. Cleavage is a series of mitosis that happens after the formation of zygote. d. The yolk protein is essential in determining where cleavage can occurarrow_forward
- Internal and external fertilization differ in that species thata. produce an amniotic egg have internal fertilization.b. without an amniotic egg have external fertilization.c. produce live young have mammary glands.d. lay eggs are external fertilizersarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a mechanism on how contraceptive pills work to prevent pregnancy? A. thinning the endometrium to prevent implantation B. inhibition of follicular development and suppression of ovulation C. progesterone inhibits the sperm from penetrating through the cervix and female upper tract by making the cervical mucus unfriendly D. stimulates the production of high testosterone levelsarrow_forwardA) The correct order of chronological order of developmental events is a. 1.cleavage 2. Fertilisation 3. Gastrulation 4. Blastocyst b. 1. Morula 2. Bilaminar disc 3. Gastrulation 4. Neurulation c. 1. Fertilisation 2. Morula 3. Gastrulation 4.Bilaminar disc d. 1. Fertilisation 2. Cleavage 3. Bilaminar disc 4. Morula B) Which of the following is an example of a long- term cellular response to an extra cellular signal? a. Movement of secretory vesicles to the cll membrane b. Increased portion synthesis leading to cell growth c. Activation of the second messenger CAMP d. Increased movement of glucose into the cll via GLUT transportersarrow_forward
- Layer A is called _____X________, and ______Y________ develops from this layer. Select one: a. X Y Ectoderm Nervous system b. X Y Endoderm Nervous system c. X Y Endoderm Lining of the digestive tract d. X Y Ectoderm Lining of the digestive tractarrow_forwardHow can PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) lead to infertility in women? Select one: a. PID can lead to scar tissue developing on the Fallopian tube. This prevents the egg and the sperm from meeting, causing infertility. b. PID prevents the endometrium from forming. There is not enough material for the fertilized egg to implant itself. c. PID leads to scar tissue on the corpus luteum. This disrupts ovulation. d. PID affects the cervix. This causes the cervix to swell, decreasing the chance a sperm could pass into the uterus.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does NOT happen in the germinal period? a. dividing mass of cells travels to the uterus b. developing organs can be affected by toxins passing through the placenta c. mass of cells form a hollow ball d. cells begin to differentiate.arrow_forward
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning