Core Skill: Connections In what other context have you learned about positive feedback? Refer back to Figures 51.9 and 51.11 for help.
Figure 51.9 The ovarian and uterine cycles in a human female. The ovarian cycle is divided into the follicular and luteal phases. The uterine cycle is divided into menstruation and the proliferative and secretory phases.
Figure 51.11 Hormonal control of parturition. Birth relies on neural signals from the uterus and maternal hormones that act on the uterus. In response to sensory neural input arising from the push of the fetus on the cervix, the maternal posterior pituitary releases oxytocin into the blood, which stimulates uterine smooth muscle contractions. The secretion of prostaglandins by the uterus also increases the strength of the contractions. Sensory receptors in the uterus detect the more forceful contractions and signal the mother's posterior pituitary to secrete more oxytocin, thus completing a positive feedback loop that further strengthens the contractions.
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Biology
- Trace the development of a human egg and trace its passage through the female reproductive system until it is fertilized.arrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 15 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Why do you think that a variety of effective methods of male contraception have not yet been developed? If you were a researcher, what are some approaches you might take to develop a method of male contraception?arrow_forwardScience: Repro system-female Based on the given graph: Topic: Menstruation Cycle 1. What is the body temperature difference of the follicular phase compared to the luteal phase? 2. Which hormone is at its peak during ovulation?arrow_forward
- MAKE CONNECTIONS What are the shared anddistinct functions of the uterus of an insect and theovary of a flowering plant? (See Figure 38.6.)arrow_forwardAsap what evolutionary advantages does the amniotic egg have? explain how each component of the egg plays a role in survival of the embryo.arrow_forwardPlease answer fast 1. Describe the events that occur in the ovaries as a rat goes through the estrus cycle. Relate these changes to the cyclic changes of the vaginal epithelium. 2. Trace the course of events from the release of ACh by a motor neuron to the binding of myosin cross-bridges to actin. of the nerve that innervates the muscle. Propose an explanation for these results. 3. What would a vaginal smear performed on an ovariectomized rat (one with its ovaries removed) look like? Explain.arrow_forward
- Direction: Explain the following in paragraph form consists of at least five sentences for each question. 1.What might be a disadvantage to temperature-dependent sex determination? 2.Compared to separate sexes and assuming self-fertilizing is not possible, what might be one advantage and one disadvantage to hermaphroditism?arrow_forwardQ1. Ella accidentally ingests the poison tetrodotoxin from the pufferfish, which you know blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels. Predict the symptoms Albert will experience from this poisoning. Q2. What type of sexual dysfunction might arise in men taking drugs that inhibit sympathetic nervous system activity as part of the treatment for high blood pressure? Q3. How might the female orgasm increase the chance for fertilization to occur? Q4. Explain why oral contraceptives, which artificially raise levels of estrogens and progesterone, prevent pregnancy. Q5. Diazepam is a drug that stimulates the activity of GABA receptors in the brain. If a person was having an epileptic seizure, how would diazepam affect the seizure? Q6. During a surgical procedure, an anesthesiologist administers to the patient an inhaled anesthetic agent that opens Cl- channels in the postsynaptic membranes of neurons of the brain. Explain why this would put the patient “to sleep” for the duration of the surgical…arrow_forwardAnswer the ff. What steps in male reproductive physiology do you think might be possibly blocked pharmacologically in order to produce such a contraceptive for males? What are the negative effects of candidate drugs currently proposed for the male hormonal contraceptive? What alternative ways are considered that will reduce these effects?arrow_forward
- Direction: Explain the following in paragraph form consists of at least five sentences for each question. Compared to separate sexes and assuming self-fertilizing is not possible, what might be one advantage and one disadvantage to hermaphroditism?arrow_forwardIDENTIFICATION (Subject - Development Biology) 1. It is a historical transformation of the forms of life starting from the simple forms of the past to the complex forms of the present? 2. This is formed when small group of cells segregate from another group of cells? 3. Its a process when one embryonic region interacts with the second and affects the second regions differentiation or behaviour?arrow_forwardObjective: Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female reproductive system. Materials: • copy of unsequenced events in the menstrual cycle. • Pencil and paper Procedure: 1. Study the numbered diagrams/pictures of unsequenced events in the menstrual cycle below. SEE FIGURE 1 2. Use a separate paper and copy the table below as a guide in arranging the events based on their correct sequence. Write the NUMBER ONLY of the diagrams/pictures based on their corresponding stages/ events. SEE FIGURE 2arrow_forward
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning