Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 55, Problem 15TYK
Clear-cutting tropical forests yields agricultural land with limited productivity because
- a. it is too hot in the tropics for most food crops.
- b. the tropical forest regrows rapidly and chokes out agricultural crops.
- c. few of the ecosystem's nutrients are stored in the soil; most are in the forest trees.
- d. decomposition rates are high but primary production is low in the tropics.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Forest trees have trunks, branches, and big roots, contributing to large amounts of total biomass. Grasslands have comparatively less biomass, but have a larger net primary production than that of forests. Why is this so?
A. Less respiration is needed in the forest habitat
B. More biomass is added in a grassland in the same time as that of forests
C. The number of consumers within the forest is greater
D. Solar energy is converted to chemical energy at a much higher rate in forests
Through succession, a field becomes a forest as hardwood trees become the dominant species in the ecosystem. Grasses are no longer able to compete as well in the forested environment.
grasses → shrubs → softwood trees → hardwood trees
Which is most likely the limiting factor that inhibits the growth of the grasses in the forest?
a
slow rates of decomposition on the forest floor
b
low levels of sunlight reaching the forest floor
c
thin layers of topsoil on the forest floor
d
low levels of humidity near the forest floor
These are the common threats in grassland biomes EXCEPT
a. Illegal hunting
b. Production of invasive species
c. Deforestation
d. Overgrazing of animals
What is the effect of impervious surface?
a. Faster seeping of water to ground
b. It can cause groundwater contamination.
c. Infiltration process will easily take place.
d. Difficulty on seeping water to the ground creating high urban runoff.
Chapter 55 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 55 - What may happen if the input of a mineral nutrient...Ch. 55 - Compare the movement of energy and chemical...Ch. 55 - a. List some ecosystems with high primary...Ch. 55 - a. Why is production efficiency higher for fishes...Ch. 55 - What is the biological importance of water,...Ch. 55 - a. In which natural ecosystem do nutrients cycle...Ch. 55 - Contrast bioremediation and biological...Ch. 55 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 55 - What is secondary production? How does it relate...Ch. 55 - What processes mediate the interconversion of the...
Ch. 55 - The inefficiency of energy transformations is...Ch. 55 - Which of the following statements about ecosystems...Ch. 55 - Primary production is a. equal to the standing...Ch. 55 - The open ocean and tropical rain forest are the...Ch. 55 - Production in terrestrial ecosystems is affected...Ch. 55 - Which of the following statements concerning net...Ch. 55 - Secondary production is a. measured by the...Ch. 55 - Most food chains have only three to five links....Ch. 55 - Some authors have suggested that humans world-wide...Ch. 55 - Which of the following organisms would you predict...Ch. 55 - If a bird eats seeds with an energy content of 400...Ch. 55 - Biogeochemical cycles are global for elements a....Ch. 55 - The atmosphere is the main reservoir for a. water...Ch. 55 - Which of these processes is incorrectly paired...Ch. 55 - Clear-cutting tropical forests yields agricultural...Ch. 55 - Plants, prokaryotes, and fungi are useful in...Ch. 55 - Which of the following actions is an example of...
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- Why is the destruction of tropical forests so devastating?A. Tropical forests are considered a non-renewable resource due to the amountof time it takes for reforestation to occur.B. Tropical forests cover much less of the surface of the earth than other types offorests and are eliminated faster as a result.C. Tropical forests contain the habitats of the vast majority of life on earth. D. Tropical forests are the primary source of income for many corporations andbusinesses. Why has food production increased despite a net degradation in soil?A. The productivity of the land being used has increased, so more food is beingproduced.B. The widespread use of fertilizers enables more food to be grown than inprevious years.C. Many countries have programs that reward farmers who practice soilconservation techniques.D. Farmers are developing more cropland from wilderness areas now comparedto the past.arrow_forwardWhy is regular burning (thru natural fires) an important part of maintaining the health of grasslands and coniferous forests? Identify benefits that are specific to each biome. Also, discuss how suppressing fires could negatively affect each system.arrow_forwardBased on results from studies at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, what would be the predicted effect of clearing trees from a watershed? a. Increased loss of water and nutrients from a watershed b. Decreased loss of water and nutrients from a watershed c. Increased availability of phosphorus d. Increased availability of nitratearrow_forward
- The deepest, richest soil in the world occurs in (a) temperate rain forest (b) tropical rain forest (c) savanna (d) temperate grassland (e) chaparralarrow_forwardDeforestation ______. a. increases mineral runoff from soil b. decreases local temperature c. increases local rainfall d. all of the abovearrow_forwardWhich biogeochemical cycle does not have a gaseous component but cycles from the land to sediments in the ocean and back to the land? (a) carbon cycle (b) nitrogen cycle (c) phosphorus cycle (d) hydrologic cycle (e) neither a nor c has a gaseous componentarrow_forward
- Primary productivity on land is affected by _______. a. nutrient availability c. temperature b. amount of sunlight d. all of the abovearrow_forwardIn a temperate grassland system area of North America, vegetation has been destroyed by fire. What will happen to the net primary productivity and the local ecosystem when rains return in the next season? a The grasses will grow back, but the herbivores that lived there will not return, as they would have found new land to live on. Therefore, the net primary productivity would decrease. b The grasses will not grow back, therefore the herbivores that lived there will not return. Thus, the net primary productivity would decrease. c The grasses will grow back and the herbivores that lived there will return. The net primary productivity should also be similar to the previous season. d The grasses will grow back and the herbivores that lived there will return. The net primary productivity would be less than the previous season.arrow_forwardWhich of these hypotheses does not explain why increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere could cause a decrease in the productivity of some crops because of changes in climate? A) There could be increases in average winter temperatures that reduce the growth of crops. B) There could be decreases in precipitation in some regions that reduce growth in some crops. C) There could be shifts in the ranges of some important species in the community, such as pollinators, that cause reduction of growth in some crops.arrow_forward
- One of the lessons from a pyramid of production is that _____. A) eating grain-fed beef is an inefficient means of obtaining the energy trapped by photosynthesis B) the energy lost as heat or lost in cellular respiration is 10% of the available energy of each trophic level C) only one-half of the energy in one trophic level is passed on to the next level D) most of the energy from one trophic level is incorporated into the biomass of the next level E) production efficiency is highest for primary consumersarrow_forwardMichael wants to build a new storage shed and is considering clearing some trees from his land to use as lumber. What justification best explains the ecological benefit of saving his trees? a Decreasing shade and windbreaks b Providing food for hundreds of species c Sequestering (storing) carbon d Aiding in discharge of aquiferarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the effects of clear-cutting on the Amazonian forest are true? Select all that apply. a) Soil moisture is likely to decline. b) Nutrient export is likely to decline. c) Species diversity is likely to decline. d) Atmospheric CO2 is likely to decline.arrow_forward
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