Biology - Study Guide
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321501561
Author: Martha R. Taylor
Publisher: PEARSON EDUCATION (COLLEGE)
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Textbook Question
Chapter 55, Problem 2TYK
Which of the following statements about ecosystems is true?
- a. Energy is recycled through the trophic structure.
- b. Energy is usually converted from sunlight by primary producers, passed to secondary producers in the form of organic compounds, and lost to detritivores in the form of heat.
- c. Chemicals are recycled between the biotic and abiotic sectors, whereas energy makes a one-way trip through the food web and is eventually dissipated as heat.
- d. There is a continuous process by which energy is lost as heat, and chemical elements leave the ecosystem through runoff.
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Students have asked these similar questions
a) Each trophic level, on average, will move 10% of the energy tied up in molecules to the next trophic level. How much of the energy from the sun is actually brought in to the first trophic level?
b) When the producers convert energy and tie it up in the first trophic level, it is brought in as heat. True or false?
c) Which of the following are true about ecosystems? Check all that apply.
They contain both living and nonliving components.They contain both living and nonliving components.
There is a transfer of energy through the system and some energy is lost as heat energy.There is a transfer of energy through the system and some energy is lost as heat energy.
Nutrients repeatedly cycle through the ecosystem.Nutrients repeatedly cycle through the ecosystem.
They represent the lowest level of biological organization.They represent the lowest level of biological organization.
The ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems is organic molecules.
Which statement about energy flow in ecosystems is accurate?
A.Energy flow reaches an equilibrium within ecosystems such that every trophic level has the same amount of energy.
B. Because forests have relatively few large trees which support numerous smaller organisms, they have less energy at the lowest trophic level than at higher trophic levels.
C. Energy is recycled within ecosystems, moving from producers to consumers to decomposers and back to producers.
D. Energy flows through ecosystems with some lost at every transition resulting in lower trophic levels always containing more energy than higher trophic levels.
E. Aquatic ecosystems have more energy at higher trophic levels than at lower trophic levels, whereas terrestrial ecosystems have more energy at lower trophic levels.
Please answer asap and type your answer and do not copy from anywhere please
"Write a scenario describing what would happen to an ecosystem or to the human system in the event that:(a) All producers are killed through loss of fertility of the soil or through toxic contamination, (b) decomposers and detritus feeders are eliminated.
Support all of your statements with reasons drawn from your understanding of the way ecosystems function"
Chapter 55 Solutions
Biology - Study Guide
Ch. 55 - What may happen if the input of a mineral nutrient...Ch. 55 - Compare the movement of energy and chemical...Ch. 55 - a. List some ecosystems with high primary...Ch. 55 - a. Why is production efficiency higher for fishes...Ch. 55 - What is the biological importance of water,...Ch. 55 - a. In which natural ecosystem do nutrients cycle...Ch. 55 - Contrast bioremediation and biological...Ch. 55 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 55 - What is secondary production? How does it relate...Ch. 55 - What processes mediate the interconversion of the...
Ch. 55 - The inefficiency of energy transformations is...Ch. 55 - Which of the following statements about ecosystems...Ch. 55 - Primary production is a. equal to the standing...Ch. 55 - The open ocean and tropical rain forest are the...Ch. 55 - Production in terrestrial ecosystems is affected...Ch. 55 - Which of the following statements concerning net...Ch. 55 - Secondary production is a. measured by the...Ch. 55 - Most food chains have only three to five links....Ch. 55 - Some authors have suggested that humans world-wide...Ch. 55 - Which of the following organisms would you predict...Ch. 55 - If a bird eats seeds with an energy content of 400...Ch. 55 - Biogeochemical cycles are global for elements a....Ch. 55 - The atmosphere is the main reservoir for a. water...Ch. 55 - Which of these processes is incorrectly paired...Ch. 55 - Clear-cutting tropical forests yields agricultural...Ch. 55 - Plants, prokaryotes, and fungi are useful in...Ch. 55 - Which of the following actions is an example of...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What would happen to an ecosystem if (a) all its decomposers and detritus feeders were eliminated, (b) all of its producers were eliminated, or (c) all of its insects were eliminated? Could an ecosystem exist with producers and decomposers but no consumers? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are important biotic factors that can affect the structure and organization of an ecosystem? A)temperature, water B)nutrient availability, soil pH C)predation, competition D)precipitation, wind E)light intensity, seasonalityarrow_forwardPhytoplankton absorb a very small concentration of a pollutant and are then eaten by zooplankton. Smelt eat the zooplankton and then Lake trout eat the smelt. At the top of the food chain, the concentration of the toxic chemical can be so high that it is dangerously toxic to the herring gull or the herring gull's offspring. This is an example of _____. a biomagnification b bioaccumulation c air pollution d habitat lossarrow_forward
- As energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, substantial amounts of energy are lost to/asa. undigestible biomass.b. heat.c. metabolism.d. All of the above.arrow_forwardA complex of interconnected food chains in an ecosystem is called (a) an ecosystem (b) a pyramid of numbers (c) a pyramid of biomass (d) a biosphere (e) a food webarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements BEST describes energy transfer in an ecosystem? A. If the primary producer has 175,000 kcal available, the secondary consumer will receive 17,500 kcal from the primary consumer. B. If the primary consumer has 175,000 kcal available, the secondary consumer will receive 17,500 kcal from the primary consumer. C. If the primary consumer has 175,000 kcal available, the tertiary consumer will receive 175 kcal from the secondary consumer. D. If the primary producer has 175,000 kcal available, the tertiary consumer will receive 17,500 kcal from the secondary consumer.arrow_forward
- Alberta Einstein might have said once that: “if the bee disappears from the surface of the earth, man would have no more than four years to live. No more bees, no more pollination, no more plants, no more animals, no more man.” Pollination is an example of a large-scale process with significant implications for humans described as a/an: a) Trophic pyramid b) Ecosystem engineer c) Ecosystem service d) Trophic cascade which one?arrow_forwardWhat does each pie slice represent? a. Amount of energy available to support each trophic level b. Amount of energy that can be converted to biomass at a higher trophic level c. Amount of energy available from the sun d. Inefficiency of energy flow from one trophic level to the nextarrow_forwardWhich of the following has the greatest effect on the rate ofchemical cycling in an ecosystem?(A) the rate of decomposition in the ecosystem(B) the production efficiency of the ecosystem’s consumers(C) the trophic efficiency of the ecosystem(D) the location of the nutrient reservoirs in the ecosystemarrow_forward
- EcosystemA hasprimary production of 1000 g C /m2/yr and ecological efficiency of 10%. Ecosystem B has primary production of 300 g C /m2/yr and an ecological efficiency of 25%. a.Which ecosystem will have more production at thesecondary consumer (carnivore) trophic level? b.Which ecosystem is more likely to support an endothermic primary consumer (herbivore)? c.If atrophic level requires at least 1 gC/m2/yr in order to exist, how many trophic levels can each of these ecosystems support?d.Given your answer to part c, which do you thinkhas a larger impact on the energy available at upper trophic levels: primary productivity or efficiency of energy movement across trophic levels?arrow_forwardThe major factors that make up the environment/ecosystems is/are? a. physical and chemical factors b. chemical c. biological d. physical, chemical and biologicalarrow_forwardAt which point in the trophic pyramid is the greatest arount (not percentage) of energy lost? A) Between the primary producers and the primary consumers B) Between the primary consumers and the secondary consumers C)Between the secondary consumers and the tertiary consumers D) Between the secondary consumers and the primary producersarrow_forward
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