Bio 121 Campbell Biology Truman College
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781323670637
Author: Urry, Cain
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 55.3, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? Ø Detritivores are consumers that obtain their energy from detritus. How many joules of energy are potentially available to detritivores in the ecosystem represented in Figure 55.10?
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Look at the food web above to answer the following questions.
1. Which organisms are the producers in this food web?
2. Which organism is an example of a primary consumer?
3. Which organism is an example of a tertiary consumer?
“The pyramid of energy is always upright” states that
A)The energy conversion efficiency of herbivores is better than carnivores.
B)The energy conversion efficiency of carnivores is better than herbivores
C)Producers have the lowest energy conversion efficiency
D)Energy conversion efficiency is the same in all trophic levels
The average efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels is 10%. Use this efficiency to determine how much phytoplankton mass is required to add just 1 gram (0.04 ounce) of new mass to a killer whale, which is a third-level or top carnivore. Create a diagram that summarizes the different trophic levels and the relative size and abundance of organisms at each level. How would your answer change if the efficiency were half the average rate? Twice the average rate?
Chapter 55 Solutions
Bio 121 Campbell Biology Truman College
Ch. 55.1 - Why is the transfer of energy in an ecosystem...Ch. 55.1 - WHAT IF? You are studying nitrogen cycling on the...Ch. 55.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Use the second law of...Ch. 55.2 - Why is only a small portion of the solar energy...Ch. 55.2 - How can ecologists experimentally determine the...Ch. 55.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 55.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Explain how nitrogen and...Ch. 55.3 - If an insect that eats plant seeds containing 100...Ch. 55.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 55.3 - WHAT IF? Detritivores are consumers that obtain...
Ch. 55.4 - DRAW IT For each of the four biogeochemical...Ch. 55.4 - Why does deforestation of a watershed increase the...Ch. 55.4 - WHAT IF? Why is nutrient availability in a...Ch. 55.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 55.5 - WHAT IF? In what way is the Kissimmee River...Ch. 55 - Considering the second law of thermodynamics,...Ch. 55 - Prob. 55.2CRCh. 55 - Why would runners hove a lower production...Ch. 55 - If decomposers usually grow faster and decompose...Ch. 55 - In preparing a site for surface mining and later...Ch. 55 - Which of the following organisms is incorrectly...Ch. 55 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 55 - The discipline that applies ecological principles...Ch. 55 - Level 2: Application/Analysis 4. Nitrifying...Ch. 55 - Which of the following has the greatest effect on...Ch. 55 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 55 - Which of the following would be considered an...Ch. 55 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 55 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 9. DRAW IT (a) Draw...Ch. 55 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 55 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 55 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY AND MATTER...Ch. 55 - Prob. 13TYU
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- An estimated 1000 kg of plant plankton are needed to produce 100 kg of animal plankton. The animal plankton is in turned consumed by 10 kg of fish, the amount needed by a person to gain 1 kg of body mass. i) explain why the amount of biomass declines at each successive trophic level.arrow_forwardWhat would happen to an ecosystem if (a) all its decomposers and detritus feeders were eliminated, (b) all of its producers were eliminated, or (c) all of its insects were eliminated? Could an ecosystem exist with producers and decomposers but no consumers? Explain.arrow_forwardWhat would happen to an ecosystem if (a) all of its decomposers and detritus feeders were eliminated, (b) all of its producers were eliminated, and (c) all of its insects were eliminated? Could an ecosystem function with only producers and decomposers and no consumers? Explain.arrow_forward
- Energy transferred from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem is measured in calories, numbers, and in biomass. If a rangeland has a biomass of 100, 000g/m2 from the grass, how much biomass will be available in human beings who eat the cow that eat that grass?arrow_forwardWhy are food chains relatively short? O Not enough energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next to support a longer chain. O There are not enough species of carnivores to make the food chain longer. O Longer food chains require more land that is found in today's fragmented habitats. There aren't enough different plant species to support enough herbivore species to support the number of carnivore species needed for longer food chains.arrow_forwardAvailability of energy is less for entities at higher trophic levels. Why?arrow_forward
- Ragweed Black-tailed jackrabbit Coyote Deer mouse Grama grass Red-tailed hawk 21 Which of the following energy pyramids best represents the flow of energy in the food web pictured? A Red-tailed hawk Coyote Deer mouse Deer mouse Ragweed Coyote Black-tailed jackrabbit Red-tailed hawk Black-tailed jackrabbit Grama grass Ragweed Grama grass в D Coyote Red-tailed hawk Coyote Grama grass Deer mouse Red-tailed hawk Black-tailed jackrabbit Black-tailed jackrabbit Ragweed Grama grass Ragweedarrow_forwardA given ecosystem has the following amounts of energy available at each trophic level: Primary producers: 4,000 gC/m2/day; Primary consumers: 480 gC/m2/day; Secondary consumers: 72 gC/m2/day; Tertiary consumers: 24 gC/m2/day. Does this ecosystem follow Lindeman's Law for ecological efficiency? No, the average efficiency is 20% O Yes, the average efficiency is 10% O No, the average efficiency is 10% O Yes, the average efficiency is 20%arrow_forwardIf 20J of energy is trapped at producer level the how much energy will be available to the last animal as food in food chain?arrow_forward
- Primary producers Tertiary consumers Secondary consumers Primary consumers and decomposers Which of the following statements is true for different trophic levels in ecosystems? Between 80% and 90% of the energy is lost between most trophic levels. Primary consumers consume less biomass than secondary consumers. Productivity increases with each trophic level. Between 10% and 20% of the energy is lost between most trophic levels. Production of biomass (g/m2/year) 3 30 200 1000arrow_forwardPLEASE HELP AND PLEASE ANSWER IT ALL! A. Using trophic levels and the food chain explain how energy flows through an ecosystem. B. What is different about how matter flows through an ecosystem compared to energy? C. Why does top predators or tertiary consumers have more toxins per gram of tissue than primary consumers? D. How can endotherms control their energy expenditures? (speed up or slow down)arrow_forwardAsap What will be the amount of energy available to the organism of the 2nd trophic level of a food chain, if the energy available at the first trophic level is 10,000 Joules?arrow_forward
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