Concept explainers
To find:
The kinds of particle motion account for thermal energy.
Answer to Problem 1RCQ
Solution:
The thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particles.
Explanation of Solution
The matter is formed by the combination of atoms and molecules, and these atoms and molecules are continuously in motion inside the matter. Atoms and molecules can move in various ways inside the matter such as straight-line motion, rotational motion, and vibratory motion. So, atoms and molecules have energies corresponding to their motions. When atoms and molecules move in a straight line, they consist of translation energy, when atoms and molecules rotate, they consist of rotational energy, and when atoms and molecules are vibrating, they consist of vibration energy. Also, the particles have potential energy from the attractions between them or from their mutual repulsion when they are at close range.
Therefore, the thermal energy consists of the translation, vibration, and rotational motion of particle.
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