1.
Introduction:
Step-down method: The overhead costs of supporting incurred by the supporting department are allocated to other supporting departments and also the operating department based on the allocation base.
Allocation of the service department’s cost to the consuming department and the predetermined overhead rates in the operating department.
2.
Introduction:
Direct method: Under the direct method, the overhead costs incurred by the supporting department are directly allocated to the operating department.
Allocation of the service department’s cost to the consuming department using the direct method and the predetermined overhead rate.
3.
a.
Step-down method: The overhead costs of supporting incurred by the supporting department are allocated to other supporting departments and also the operating department based on the allocation base.
The amount of overhead cost for the job using overhead rates computed in parts 1 and 2.
3.
b.
Step-down method: The overhead costs of supporting incurred by the supporting department are allocated to other supporting departments and also the operating department based on the allocation base.
The reason the step-down method is a better base for computing the predetermined rates than the direct method.
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MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING CONNECT ACCESS
- Hart Manufacturing makes three products. Each product requires manufacturing operations in three departments: A, B, and C. The labor-hour requirements, by department, are as follows: During the next production period the labor-hours available are 450 in department A, 350 in department B, and 50 in department C. The profit contributions per unit are 25 for product 1, 28 for product 2, and 30 for product 3. a. Formulate a linear programming model for maximizing total profit contribution. b. Solve the linear program formulated in part (a). How much of each product should be produced, and what is the projected total profit contribution? c. After evaluating the solution obtained in part (b), one of the production supervisors noted that production setup costs had not been taken into account. She noted that setup costs are 400 for product 1, 550 for product 2, and 600 for product 3. If the solution developed in part (b) is to be used, what is the total profit contribution after taking into account the setup costs? d. Management realized that the optimal product mix, taking setup costs into account, might be different from the one recommended in part (b). Formulate a mixed-integer linear program that takes setup costs provided in part (c) into account. Management also stated that we should not consider making more than 175 units of product 1, 150 units of product 2, or 140 units of product 3. e. Solve the mixed-integer linear program formulated in part (d). How much of each product should be produced and what is the projected total profit contribution? Compare this profit contribution to that obtained in part (c).arrow_forwardVariable costing Marley Company has the following information for March: Determine (A) the manufacturing margin, (B) the contribution margin, and (C) operating income for Marley Company for the month of March.arrow_forwardVariable-Costing Income Statement Refer to the data for Osterman Company on the previous page. Required: 1. Calculate the cost of goods sold under variable costing. 2. Prepare an income statement using variable costing. Use the following information for Brief Exercises 3-23 and 3-24: During the most recent year, Osterman Company had the following data:arrow_forward
- On October 31, the end of the first month of operations, Maryville Equipment Company prepared the following income statement, based on the variable costing concept: Prepare an income statement under absorption costing.arrow_forwardAbsorption-Costing Income Statement Refer to the data for Osterman Company above. Required: 1. Calculate the cost of goods sold under absorption costing. 2. Prepare an income statement using absorption costing. Use the following information for Brief Exercises 3-23 and 3-24: During the most recent year, Osterman Company had the following data:arrow_forwardAppendix Absorption costing income statement On June 30, the end of the first month of operations, Tudor Manufacturing Co. prepared the following income statement, based on the variable existing concept: Sales (420,000 units) 7,450,000 Variable cost of goods sold: Variable cost of goods manufactured (500,000 units x 14 per unit) 7,000,000 Less ending inventory (80,000 units x 14 per unit) 1,120,000 Variable cost of goods sold 5,880,000 Manufacturing margin 1,570,000 Variable selling and administrative expenses 80,000 Contribution margin 1,490,000 Fixed costs: Fixed manufacturing costs 160,000 Fixed selling and administrative expenses 75,000 235,000 Income from operations 1,255,000 a. Prepare an absorption costing income statement. b. Reconcile the variable costing income from operations of 1,255,000 with the absorption costing income from operations determined in (a).arrow_forward
- Scattergraph, High-Low Method, and Predicting Cost for a Different Time Period from the One Used to Develop a Cost Formula Refer to the information for Farnsworth Company on the previous page. Required: 1. Prepare a scattergraph based on the 10 months of data. Does the relationship appear to be linear? 2. Using the high-low method, prepare a cost formula for the receiving activity. Using this formula, what is the predicted cost of receiving for a month in which 1,450 receiving orders are processed? 3. Prepare a cost formula for the receiving activity for a quarter. Based on this formula, what is the predicted cost of receiving for a quarter in which 4,650 receiving orders are anticipated? Prepare a cost formula for the receiving activity for a year. Based on this formula, what is the predicted cost of receiving for a year in which 18,000 receiving orders are anticipated? Use the following information for Problems 3-60 and 3-61: Farnsworth Company has gathered data on its overhead activities and associated costs for the past 10 months. Tracy Heppler, a member of the controllers department, has convinced management that overhead costs can be better estimated and controlled if the fixed and variable components of each overhead activity are known. One such activity is receiving raw materials (unloading incoming goods, counting goods, and inspecting goods), which she believes is driven by the number of receiving orders. Ten months of data have been gathered for the receiving activity and are as follows:arrow_forwardVariable-Costing and Absorption-Costing Income Borques Company produces and sells wooden pallets that are used for moving and stacking materials. The operating costs for the past year were as follows: During the year, Borques produced 200,000 wooden pallets and sold 204,300 at 9 each. Borques had 8,200 pallets in beginning finished goods inventory; costs have not changed from last year to this year. An actual costing system is used for product costing. Required: 1. What is the per-unit inventory cost that is acceptable for reporting on Borquess balance sheet at the end of the year ? How many units are in ending inventory? What is the total cost of ending inventory? 2. Calculate absorption-costing operating income. 3. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION What would the per-unit inventory cost be under variable costing? Does this differ from the unit cost computed in Requirement 1? Why? 4. Calculate variable-costing operating income. 5. Suppose that Borques Company had sold 196,700 pallets during the year. What would absorption-costing operating income have been? Variable-costing operating income?arrow_forwardQuestion 2 Answer the questions from the information provided. 2.1 Use the information given below to prepare the Income Statement for March 2022 according to the absorption costing method. INFORMATION The following information was extracted from the accounting records of Alpha Enterprises for the month ended 31 March 2022: Sales Selling price per unit Finished products on 01 March 2022 Products manufactured during the month Variable manufacturing costs per unit Variable selling and administrative costs per unit sold Fixed manufacturing costs Fixed selling and administrative costs Additional information 3 200 units R100 400 units 3 600 units R26 R12 R25 200 R12 400 The variable manufacturing cost per unit and total manufacturing cost per unit of the finished goods on 01 March 2022 was R21.60 and R26.20 respectively.arrow_forward
- Trend Reporting for Non-Value-Added Costs Cicleta Manufacturing has four activities: receiving materials, assembly, expediting products, and storing goods. Receiving and assembly are necessary activities; expediting and storing goods are unnecessary. The following data pertain to the four activities for the year ending 20x1 (actual price per unit of the activity driver is assumed to be equal to the standard price): Activity Activity Driver SQ AQ SP Receiving Receiving orders 12,000 24,000 $21 Assembly Labor hours 99,000 120,000 15 Expediting Orders expedited 0 8,000 50 Storing Number of units 0 16,000 7 Assume that at the beginning of 20x2, Cicleta trained the assembly workers in a new approach that had the objective of increasing the efficiency of the assembly process. Cicleta also began moving toward a JIT purchasing and manufacturing system. When JIT is fully implemented, the demand for expediting…arrow_forwardTracey Packaged Snax reports the following information for November: Units produced and sold Per unit revenue and costs: Sales revenue Direct materials costs Direct labor costs Variable manufacturing overhead Fixed manufacturing overhead (at 320,000 units) Variable marketing and administrative costs Fixed marketing and administrative costs (at 320,000 units) Required: a. Prepare a gross margin income statement. b. Prepare a contribution margin income statement. Complete this question by entering your ansivers in the tabs below. Required A Required B Prepare a contribution margin income statement. Contribution Margin Income Statement 320,000 $9.60 1.65 0.90 0.80 1.55 0.75 1.15arrow_forwardInstructions The demand for solvent, one of numerous products manufactured by Celecia Industries Inc., has dropped sharply because of recent competition from a similar product. The company's chemists are currently completing tests of various new formulas, and it is anticipated that the manufacture of a superior product can be started on July 1, one month in the future. No changes will be needed in the present production facilities to manufacture the new product because only the mixture of the various materials will be changed. The controller has been asked by the president of the company for advice on whether to continue production during June or to suspend the manufacture of solvent until July 1. The following data have been assembled: Celecia Industries Inc. Direct materials Income Statement-Solvent 1 Sales (25,000 units x $15 per unit) 2 Cost of goods sold 3 Gross profit 4 Selling and administrative expenses 5 Operating loss Direct labor For the Month Ended May 31 The production…arrow_forward
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