Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 6, Problem 8TYU
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
DRAW IT A researcher has developed an assay to measure the activity of an important enzyme present in liver cells growing in culture. She adds the enzyme’s substrate to a dish of cells and then measures the appearance of reaction products. The results are graphed as the amount of product on the y-axis versus time on the x-axis. The researcher notes four sections of the graph. For a short period of time, no products appear (section A). Then (section B) the reaction rate is quite high (the slope of the line is steep). Next, the reaction gradually slows down (section C). Finally, the graph line becomes flat (section D). Draw and label the graph, and propose a model to explain the molecular events occurring at each stage of this reaction profile.
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SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY • DRAW IT A researcher has developedan assay to measure the activity of an important enzymepresent in pancreatic cells growing in culture. She adds theenzyme’s substrate to a dish of cells and then measures theappearance of reaction products. The results are graphed as theamount of product on the y-axis versus time on the x-axis. Theresearcher notes four sections of the graph. For a short periodof time, no products appear (section A). Then (section B) thereaction rate is quite high (the slope of the line is steep). Next,the reaction gradually slows down (section C). Finally, thegraph line becomes flat (section D). Draw and label the graph,and propose a model to explain the molecular events occurringat each stage of this reaction profile.
Part A: Say that a cell is running a metabolic pathway that follows the same pattern as the diagram and something happens that prevents enzyme 3 from reacting normally. Of the following options, which one is the end result of this interrupted metabolic pathway?
Part B: for this reaction to be an example of feedback inhibition, the ____ would have to be blocking enzyme 3.
Answer choices:
• pH
• Product
• Salinity
How does an enzyme affect a chemical reaction? Select all that apply.
A. Lowers the activation energy
B. Decreases the rate of the reaction
C. Increases the activation energy
D. Increases the rate of the reaction
Chapter 6 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 6.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How does the second law of...Ch. 6.1 - Describe the forms of energy found in an apple as...Ch. 6.2 - Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen,...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 6.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 6.3 - How does ATP typically transfer energy from...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 6.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Does Figure 6.10a show passive or...Ch. 6.4 - Many spontaneous reactions occur very slowly. Why...Ch. 6.4 - Why do enzymes act only on very specific...
Ch. 6.4 - WHAT IF? Malonate is an inhibitor of the enzyme...Ch. 6.5 - How do an activator and an inhibitor have...Ch. 6 - Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes...Ch. 6 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 6 - Which of the following metabolic processes can...Ch. 6 - If an enzyme in solution is saturated with...Ch. 6 - Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot...Ch. 6 - If an enzyme is added to a solution where its...Ch. 6 - DRAW IT Using a series of arrows, draw the...Ch. 6 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT A researcher has...Ch. 6 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Organophosphates...Ch. 6 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION A recent revival of the...Ch. 6 - FOCUS ON ENERGY AND MATTER Life requires energy....Ch. 6 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Explain what is...
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- In the space draw a curve representing the energy in a reaction that takes place in the absence of an enzyme and superimpose the curve for a reaction that proceeds with the aid of an enzyme.arrow_forwardYou design an experiment to explore the effects of enzyme concentration on the rate of glucose (product) production. In the experiment, you prepare 5 tubes with equal amounts of water and substrate but altered the amount of enzyme. Tube #1 did not have enzyme, Tube #2 had 100 mg of enzyme, Tube #3 had 200 mg of enzyme, Tube #4 had 300 mg of enzyme, Tube #5 had 400 mg of enzyme. The results are summarized in the graph. Select all that apply. Given enough time all tubes (#1-5) would reach 1100 mg/dL. The substrate in tube #1 was denatured at 40 minutes. The fastest rate of reaction was in Tube #4. Adding more enzyme to Tube #5 at 40 minutes would produce more product. Tube #4 and #5 have run out of substrate at 40 minutes.arrow_forwardBen is studying an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. In the reaction, H+ ions are formed. He found that after a specific time, the reaction stopped, even though there was still a lot of substrate available in the mixture. a) Propose a hypothesis to explain why the reaction stopped.arrow_forward
- In one word, describe the function of enzymes. In one word, describe how enzymes affect the rate of biochemical reactions in our system.arrow_forwardWhen you heat a solution past the optimum for an enzyme? A. the active site permanently binds substrate via covalent bonding B. the enzyme stiffens and slows down C. the enzyme starts to denaturearrow_forwardWhy is an enzyme considered "specific"? A. Only one type of enzyme is found in our bodies B. Only certain enzymes can pass through the cell membrane C. Its active site must match the substrate to do its job D. The enzyme can only move from high to low concentrationarrow_forward
- Assume you have a solution of reactions with an enzyme. You decided to apply heat to further “increase” the rate of reaction. However, after heating, you observed that the rate of reaction decreased, the enzymes’ activity decreased, which is the opposite of what you have expected. Explain what happened. Discuss what happens when the solution contains a high concentration of substrates.arrow_forwardBased on the given question which of the following choices is the correct answer?A. When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it increases the activation energy of the reactionB. When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it decreases the activation energy of the reactionC. When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it increases the activation energy of the productD. When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, it does not affect the activation energy of the reaction.arrow_forwardWhat is the function of the active site of an enzyme? a. Involved in the catalytic reaction of the enzyme b. Inhibit the enzymatic activity c. Binding of regulators d. Binding of products after the reactionarrow_forward
- Come up with an analogy or draw a cartoon to explain how changing the concentrationof substrate, while keeping the initial enzyme concentration the same, affects the rate of product formation.arrow_forwardDescribe what is happening at the low, middle, and high points in the graph you made on the previous page. Be sure to use your knowledge of enzymes to explain the results of the experiment.arrow_forwardIn a highly high-temperature environment, you placed an enzyme and some substrates. You've seen that there hasn't been any reaction. Applying what you have learned on enzyme activity, how would you explain what occurred? A. The enzyme was not placed at a pH level that would allow it to react at its maximum rate. B. There are not enough enzymes for the reaction to occur. C. The enzyme may have denatured or broken down due to the high temperature of the environment, resulting in no reaction. D. There are not enough substrates for reaction to occur. Substrate concentration affects enzyme activity. Determine what would occur when there are too many substrates and fewer enzymes? A. No enzyme activity would occur. B. The reaction rate would continuously increase. C. The reaction would speed up tremendously. D. Maximal rate of reaction would occur. Enzyme activity mainly involves the active site and the substrate. How would you compare the active site from the substrate? A. The substrate…arrow_forward
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