Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The Lewis structure of nitrosyl chloride has to be written and the longer bond has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Lewis structure otherwise known as Lewis dot diagrams or electron dot structures.
The bond between atoms and lone pairs of electrons that is present in the molecule. Lewis structure represents each atom and their position in structure using the chemical symbol. Excess electrons forms the lone pair are given by pair of dots, and are located next to the atom.
Bond strength: the bond order is directly proportional to bond strength.
(b)
Interpretation:
The Lewis structure for nitrosyl chloride has to be written and the stronger bond has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
The Lewis structure for nitrosyl chloride has to be written, and the more polar bond has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
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Chapter 6 Solutions
OWLV2 FOR MOORE/STANITSKI'S CHEMISTRY:
- Which statements are true about electronegativity? (a) Electronegativity increases from left to right in a period of the Periodic Table. (b) Electronegativity increases from top to bottom in a column of the Periodic Table . (c) Hydrogen, the element with the lowest atomic number, has the smallest electronegativity. (d) The higher the atomic number of an element, the greater its electronegativity.arrow_forwardNa+ forms an “ionic bond” (i.e. an electrostatic attraction) with the OCN− ion. (a) Draw the full Lewis structure of the ionic compound. Be sure to show how you have derived this. (The ionic compound as a whole, not just OCN-) (b) Which atom in the OCN− anion is the sodium cation most likely to attract? Explain.arrow_forwardWrite an electron configuration for each element and the corresponding Lewis structure. Indicate which electrons in the electron configuration are included in the Lewis structure.(a) N(b) C(c) Cl(d) Ararrow_forward
- (a) Describe the molecule xenon trioxide, XeO3, using four possible Lewis structures, one each with zero, one, two, or three Xe—O double bonds. (b) Do any of these resonance structures satisfy the octet rule for every atom in the molecule? (c) Do any of the four Lewis structures have multiple resonance structures? If so, how many resonance structures do you find? (d) Which of the Lewis structures in (a) yields the most favorable formal charges for the molecule?arrow_forwardA resident expert on electronegativity comes up to visit with you. He makes two claims (seen below) about electronegativity with relation to covalent bonding. Is the expert correct or can you refute him with your knowledge of electronegativity? (a) If a diatomic molecule is made up of atoms X and Y, which have different electronegativities, the molecule must be polar. (b) The farther two atoms are apart in a bond, the larger the dipole moment will be.arrow_forward3. How many valence electrons are in a C atom? an Cl atom? (a) Write the full Lewis structure for the CH2C2 molecule. Show all lone pairs. Pert (b) Write the geometric structure for the CH2CI2 molecule and name the geometry. (c) Determine if the CH2CI2 molecule has polar or nonpolar bonds using the following electronegativity: C = 2.5, H = 2.1, CI = 3.0. Re-draw the geometric structure below, but this time include partial charges and dipole arrows for any polar bonds present. Justify your assignments for polar or nonpolar bonds.arrow_forward
- Consider the formate ion, HCO2", which is the anion formed when formic acid loses an H* ion. The H and the two O atoms are bonded to the central C atom. (a) Draw the best Lewis structure(s) for this ion. (b) Are resonance structures needed to describe the structure? Explain briefly (c) Would you predict that the C-O bond lengths in the formate ion would be longer or shorter relative to those in CO2? Explain brieflyarrow_forward(a) Complete the Lewis structure for vinyl chloride by showing all unshared pairs of electrons. (b) Predict the H-C-H, H-C-C, and Cl-C-H bond angles in this molecule. (c) Does vinyl chloride have polar bonds? Is it a polar molecule? Does it have a dipole?arrow_forwardWhich of the following compounds has both ionic and covalent bond? (a) H2O (b) NH4Cl (c) NaCl (d) HClarrow_forward
- 3. The following are some molecules:H2, HF, CO2, H2O, Cl2, NH3, CH4, CHCl3 (a) Which of the above molecules do/does not contain polar bond? Explain your answer. (b) Which covalent bond has the highest bond polarity among the eight molecules? (c) (i) Which of the above molecules are non-polar molecules? (ii) Explain why these molecules are non-polar. 4. (d) Draw a diagram to illustrate the formation of hydrogen bonds in H2O.arrow_forwardWrite electron configurations and Lewis structures for each element. Indicate which of the electrons in the electron configuration are shown in the Lewis structure.(a) Ca(b) Ga(c) As(d) Iarrow_forwardConsider the following compounds: CaCl 2 , CaI 2 , and MgCl 2 . Answer the following questions based on expected periodic trends: (a) Which is expected to have t he shortest ionic bonds? (b) Which is expected to have the highest lattice energy? (c) Which is expected to have the lowest melting point?arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
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