BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS+INVESTIGATIONS-ACCESS
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781260950618
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 7, Problem 17WIO
Parkinson disease causes rigidity, tremors, and other motor symptoms. Only 2% of cases are inherited, and these tend to have an early onset of symptoms. Some inherited cases result from mutations in a gene that encodes the protein parkin, which has 12 exons. Indicate whether each of the following mutations in the park in gene would result in a smaller protein, a larger protein, or no change in the size of the protein:
a. Deletion of exon 3
b. Deletion of six consecutive
c. Duplication of exon 5
d. Deletion of intron 2
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Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by gradual, irreversible impairment of psychological, motor, and cognitive functions. Symptoms typically appear in middle age, but onset can occur at almost any age, and the course of the disease can range from 15 to 20 years. The molecular basis of HD is becoming better understood, and the genetic mutation has been traced to a gene that encodes a large protein of unknown function. In individuals who will not develop HD, a region of the gene that encodes the N-terminus of this protein has a sequence of CAG codons (for glutamine) repeated 6 to 39 times in succession.
In individuals with adult-onset HD, this codon (3 nucleotides) is typically repeated 40 to 55 times
In those with childhood-onset HD, it is repeated more than 70 times.
*codon: refers to the 3 nucleotides that code for amino acid.
A small portion of the coding sequence of the HD gene is given below. The nucleotide sequence of the DNA is…
Which of the following mutations in the protein-coding region of a gene is more likely to lead to complete loss of function of the encoded protein: an insertion of six nucleotides or a deletion of two nucleotides? Briefly explain your answer.
A wildtype gene produces the polypeptide sequence:
Wildtype: Met-Ser-Pro-Arg-Leu-Glu-Gly
Each of the following polypeptide sequences is the result of a single mutation. Identify the
most likely type of mutation causing each, be as specific as possible.
M1:Met-Ser-Ser-Arg-Leu-Glu-Gly
missense mutation
M2:Met-Ser-Pro
M3:Met-Ser-Pro-Asp-Trp-Arg-Asp-Lys
M4:Met-Ser-Pro-Glu-Gly
nonsense mutation
frameshift insertion
in frame deletion
M5:Met-Ser-Pro-Arg-Leu-Glu-Gly
in frame insertion
Chapter 7 Solutions
BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS+INVESTIGATIONS-ACCESS
Ch. 7.1 - How did Griffiths research, coupled with the work...Ch. 7.1 - How did the Hershey-Chase blender experiments...Ch. 7.2 - What are the components of DNA and its...Ch. 7.2 - What evidence enabled Watson and Crick to decipher...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 3MCCh. 7.3 - What is the relationship between a gene and a...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 7.3 - What are the three types of RNA, and how does each...Ch. 7.4 - What happens during each stage of transcription?Ch. 7.4 - Where in the cell does transcription occur?
Ch. 7.4 - What is the role of RNA polymerase in...Ch. 7.4 - What are the roles of the promoter and terminator...Ch. 7.4 - How is mRNA modified before it leaves the nucleus...Ch. 7.5 - How did researchers determine that the genetic...Ch. 7.5 - What happens in each stage of translation?Ch. 7.5 - Where in the cell does translation occur?Ch. 7.5 - How are polypeptides modified after translation?Ch. 7.6 - What are some reasons that cells regulate gene...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 7.6 - Prob. 3MCCh. 7.6 - Prob. 4MCCh. 7.7 - What is a mutation?Ch. 7.7 - What are the types of mutations, and how does each...Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 3MCCh. 7.7 - Prob. 4MCCh. 7.7 - How are mutations important?Ch. 7.8 - What question about the FOXP2 gene were the...Ch. 7.8 - What insights could scientists gain by...Ch. 7 - A nucleotide is composed of all of the following...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 7 - Transcription copies a _______ to a complementary...Ch. 7 - Choose the DNA sequence from which this mRNA...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 7 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 7 - How does the lac operon regulate lactose digestion...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 7 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 7 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 7 - Explain how Griffiths experiment and Avery,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 7 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 7 - Put the following in order from smallest to...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 7 - List the three major types of RNA and their...Ch. 7 - Some people compare DNA to a blueprint stored in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 7 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 7 - If a protein is 1259 amino acids long, what is the...Ch. 7 - The amount of melanin in the skin is controlled by...Ch. 7 - The roundworm C. elegans has 556 cells when it...Ch. 7 - Refer to the figure to answer these questions: a....Ch. 7 - A protein-encoding region of a gene has the...Ch. 7 - Explain how a mutation in a protein-encoding gene,...Ch. 7 - Describe the mutation shown in figure 7.27 and...Ch. 7 - Parkinson disease causes rigidity, tremors, and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 18WIOCh. 7 - Refer to figure 7.28 and the chapter con tent to...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2PITCh. 7 - Prob. 3PITCh. 7 - Prob. 4PIT
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- A polypeptide has the following amino acid sequence: Met-Ser-Pro-Arg-Leu-Glu-Gly The amino acid sequence of this polypeptide was determined in a series of mutants listed in parts a through e. indicate the type of mutation that occurred in the DNA (single-base substitution, insertion, deletion) and the phenotypic effect of the mutation (nonsense mutation, missense mutation, frameshift, etc.). a. MMutant 4: Met-Ser-Pro-Glu-Glarrow_forwardA polypeptide has the following amino acid sequence: Met-Ser-Pro-Arg-Leu-Glu-Gly The amino acid sequence of this polypeptide was determined in a series of mutants listed in parts a through e. indicate the type of mutation that occurred in the DNA (single-base substitution, insertion, deletion) and the phenotypic effect of the mutation (nonsense mutation, missense mutation, frameshift, etc.). a. Mutant 2: Met-Ser-Proarrow_forwardMetabolic syndrome is a genetic disorder with symptoms of hypertension, elevated blood cholesterol concentrations, and lower-than-normal blood magnesium concentrations. This syndrome is caused by a mutation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in which a thymine nucleotide is replaced by a cytosine nucleotide. Which of the following identifies the mutated mtDNA and the corresponding mRNA and tRNA produced in a person with metabolic syndrome if the normal mtDNA triplet is TCG? Select one: a. Mutated mtDNA: CCG mRNA: GGC tRNA: GGC b. Mutated mtDNA: TCG mRNA: UGC tRNA: ACG c. Mutated mtDNA: CCG mRNA: GGC tRNA: CCG d. Mutated mtDNA: TTG mRNA: AAC tRNA: UUCarrow_forward
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