Chapter 7, Problem 1FIB

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The leaf of plant plays an important role in the process of photosynthesis. Leaf provides a large surface area to the sun, and its thinness ensures that sunlight can penetrate and reach the light trapping chloroplasts. Both the upper and lower surfaces of a leaf contain a layer of transparent cells that form the epidermis. Epidermis protects the inner part of the leaf. The outer surface of the epidermis is covered by the cuticle, which is a waterproof covering that reduces the loss of water from the leaf.

Answer to Problem 1FIB

Correct answer:

Plant leaves contain pores called stomata that allow the plants to release oxygen and take in carbon dioxide. In hot dry weather, these pores are closed to prevent water loss (evaporation). Photosynthesis occurs in organelles called chloroplasts that are concentrated within the mesophyll cells of most plant leaves.

Explanation of Solution

A plant produces food by the process of photosynthesis with the help of leaves. The leaves of plant capture the light energy and convert carbon dioxide, water, and minerals into simpler sugar molecules.

A leaf traps carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis from the air, through stomata in the epidermis of the leaf. A layer of cells is located inside the leaf which is collectively called as mesophyll. Chloroplasts are located in the mesophyll cells. Mesophyll cells are loosely packed in the center of leaves, allowing the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen through their moist membrane.

Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast of plants, most of which are concentrated within mesophyll cells. A single mesophyll cell usually contains 40 to 50 chloroplasts.

Conclusion

The leaves of plant play an essential role in the process of photosynthesis. The leaves absorb the light and carbon dioxide and convert it into simpler sugar molecules which provide chemical energy to plants to carry out their functions.