4. Anammox bacteria are known to obtain energy from the anaerobic autotrophic oxidation of one mole of NH4+ with N02- to form one mole of N2. (1) Develop an electron equivalent energy reaction for the anammox organisms. (2) Calculate ΔGr (kJ/1nol) for this reaction. (3) Calculate fs° for the anammox autotrophic reaction, assuming ε =0.4, N02- is the N source, inorganic carbon is the carbon source and Y is in g VSS/g N.

Please judge which of the following statements are true; Aging reduces toxicity, but not eliminate risk Only clay minerals are present in the soil clay size  The solubility of heavy metals always decreases with increasing pH CH4 is a greenhouse gas emitted from wetlands, livestock, rice paddies and natural gas CH4 is an important O3 precursor under all atmospheric conditions. O3 mixing ratio usually peaks exactly at noontime. O3 is a secondary pollutant resulted from the photolysis of molecular oxygen in the troposphere. SO2 is an important precursor gas for PM5, acid deposition, and O3. PM5 is important because of its health, environmental and climatic effects. PM5 concentration always increases with increasing temperature.

why does enrgy have to be supplied to a chemical in order to break the IMFs between the molecules in that chemical?