CAMPBELL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS..W/JUNGLE>IC
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781269930741
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 1CC
Complete the following table to compare mitosis and meiosis.
Mitosis | Meiosis | |
Number of chromosomal duplications | ||
Number of cell divisions | ||
Number of daughter cells produced | ||
Number of chromosomes in the daughter cells | ||
How the chromosomes line up during metaphase | ||
Genetic relationship of the daughter cells to the parent cell | ||
Functions performed in the human body |
Expert Solution & Answer
Summary Introduction
To explain: The comparison between mitosis and meiosis.
Concept introduction:
Mitosis is a type of cell division where two daughter cells are formed by the separation of a newly duplicated DNA. As the process is an asexual mode of reproduction, it plays an important role in single-celled eukaryotes. Meiosis is another type of cell division that decreases the chromosome number by half,which results in four haploid cells, each daughter cell will be genetically distinct from the parent cell.
Explanation of Solution
Both mitosis and meiosis are associated with cytokinesis. The results of the two processes will be daughter cells. The sequence of events in mitosis and meiosis is same but in meiosis it occurs twice. The processes differ in two ways. Meiosis undergoes genetic separation and cellular division twice, while the mitosis has only one cycle.
Completed table is given below:
Mitosis | Meiosis | |
Number of chromosomal duplications | 1 | 1 |
Number of cell divisions | 1 | 2 |
Number of daughter cells produced | 2 | 4 |
Number of chromosomes in daughter cells | 46 | 23 |
How the chromosomes line up during metaphase | line up as single chromosomes in the middle | pair of homologous chromosomes lined up at the metaphase plate |
Genetic relationship of daughter cell to parent cell | Identical | Different |
Function performed in human body | Somatic cells | Reproductive cells |
- Number of chromosomal duplications:In both mitosis and meiosis, the cell duplicates its chromosomesonly once. Hence, 1 is the correct answer for both mitosis and meiosis.
- Number of cell divisions: Only one cell division occurs in mitosis, whereas two cell divisions occurs during meiosis called meiosis І and meiosis ІІ. Hence, 1 is the answer for mitosis and 2 for meiosis.
- Number of daughter cells produced: Meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells, whereas mitosis gives two identical diploid cells. Hence, 2 is the correct answer for mitosis and 4 is the correct answer for meiosis.
- Number of chromosomes in daughter cells: A mitotic daughter cell contains 46 chromosomes (diploid), whereas a meiotic daughter cell contains 23 chromosomes (haploid). Hence, 46 is the correct answer for mitosis and 23 is correct answer for meiosis.
- How the chromosomes line up during metaphase: Mitosis line up as single chromosome in the middleof the cell; while in meiosis, a pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate. Hence, the correct answer for mitosis is line up as single chromosomes in the middle and for meiosisis a pair of homologous chromosomes lined up at the metaphase plate.
- Genetic relationship of daughter cell to parent cell: The daughter cells are identical to parents in mitotic division; whereas in meiosis, the daughter cells are different. Hence, the correct answer for mitosis is identical and for meiosis isdifferent.
- Function performed in human body: Mitosis results in somatic cells, whereas reproductive cells are formed as a result of meiosis. Hence, the correct answer for mitosis is somatic cells and for meiosis is reproductive cells.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Table below presents the criteria to be used in comparing mitosis and meiosis. Provide the missing information
CRITERIA
MITOSIS
MEIOSIS
Presence of synapses
presence of crossing over
cell type that undergoes cell division
number of daughter cells formed
DNA content of cells at start of division
DNA content of daughter cells
genetic consequences
. Compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis. Consider the following factors:
Number of times DNA is replicated
Number of cell divisions
Number of daughter cells produced
“Ploidy” of daughter cells
Type of cells in which the process occurs
Number and genetic make-up of chromosomes in parent cell compared to daughter cells
In a tabular form, differentiate mitosis and meiosis using the following criteria:
Chromosome number of daughter cells
Stages
Synapsis
Crossing over
Cell type
Number of cells formed
Genetic consequences
Chapter 8 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS..W/JUNGLE>IC
Ch. 8 - Complete the following table to compare mitosis...Ch. 8 - If an intestinal cell in a grasshopper contains 24...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is not a function of...Ch. 8 - It is difficult to observe individual chromosomes...Ch. 8 - A fruit fly somatic cell contains 8 chromosomes....Ch. 8 - If a fragment of a chromosome breaks off and then...Ch. 8 - Which of the following phases of mitosis is...Ch. 8 - A biochemist measured the amount of DNA in cells...Ch. 8 - A micrograph of a dividing cell from a mouse...Ch. 8 - Cytochalasin B is a chemical that disrupts...
Ch. 8 - Why are individuals with an extra chromosome 21,...Ch. 8 - In the light micrograph below of dividing cells...Ch. 8 - An organism called a plasmodial slime mold is one...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 8 - Discuss the factors that control the division of...Ch. 8 - Compare cytokinesis in plant and animal cells. In...Ch. 8 - Sketch a cell with three pairs of chromosomes...Ch. 8 - Suppose you read in the newspaper that a genetic...Ch. 8 - Bacteria are able to divide on a faster schedule...Ch. 8 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 8 - A mule is the offspring of a horse and a donkey. A...Ch. 8 - Prob. 22TYK
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- Complete the following table to summarize the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Complete the following table to summarize the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Factor Mitosis Meiosis Number of times chromosomes replicate in one complete cell cycle 1, 2, 3 or 4 1, 2, 3 or 4 Number of divisions in one complete cell cycle 1, 2, 3 or 4 1, 2, 3 or 4 Number of cells resulting from one complete cell cycle 1, 2, 3 or 4 1, 2, 3 or 4 Ploidy and chromosome number of parent cell (human) Answer Answer Answer Answer Ploidy and chromosome number of daughter cells (human) Answer Answer Answer Answer Function of division process growth and repair, genetic variation or both growth and repair, genetic variation or botharrow_forwardUsing the figure, compare the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Similarities Differencesarrow_forwardIn a table, give 5 differences of mitosis and meiosisarrow_forward
- Meiosis is defined as a ____. Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a) type of cell division that is seen in all types of cells b) type of cell division that divides a somatic cell and produces 4 gamete cells c) type of cell division that divides a somatic cell and produces 2 gamete cells d) type of cell division that divides a gamete cell into 2 somatic cellsarrow_forwardThe table presents the criteria to be used in comparing motosis and meiosis. Provide the missing information. Mitosis Meiosis chromosome number of daughter cells number of cell divisions stages presence of synapses presence of crossing over cell type that undergoes cell division number of daughter cells formed DNA content of cells at start of division DNA content of daughter cells genetic consequencesarrow_forwardCompare and contrast mitosis and meiosis. Your answer should be a paragraph (3-7 sentences) and include what is similar and different between these processes. Correct vocabulary should be used.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is a correct statement regarding mitosis and meiosis? A.)mitosis involves the generation of haploid cells B.)meiosis is used primarily for asexual reproduction C.)chromosomes are duplicated before mitosis but not meiosis D.)meiosis involves two sequential nuclear divisionsarrow_forwardSelect the correct statement.Mitosis increases genetic variation.Mitosis occurs in 8 total stages.Mitosis produces haploid gametesMitosis occurs in somatic cells.arrow_forwardMatch the correct descriptions to mitosis and meiosis. DNA replication and 1 division DNA replication and 2 divisions somatic cells sex/gametic cells exact copies unique cells A. mitosis B. meiosisarrow_forward
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