The process by which glucose from cellulose in plants can be extracted for use in bio-fuel production. Concept Introduction: Fermentation is a process of breakdown of complex carbohydrates present in food into simpler compounds by microorganisms. It takes place under anaerobic conditions under proper conditions of temperature and pH. There are enzymes present in bacteria which degrade carbohydrates into smaller compounds inside the cell.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The process by which glucose from cellulose in plants can be extracted for use in bio-fuel production.

Concept Introduction:

Fermentation is a process of breakdown of complex carbohydrates present in food into simpler compounds by microorganisms. It takes place under anaerobic conditions under proper conditions of temperature and pH. There are enzymes present in bacteria which degrade carbohydrates into smaller compounds inside the cell.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Lignin is an organic polymer of aromatic coumaryl alcohol and is present in plant vascular tissues. It is connected to glucose molecules. Fermentation causes the degradation of this polymer to release glucose molecules used as essential metabolites in fermentation pathway. The strain of bacteria which break down lignin is Rhodococcus jostii and cellulase enzyme digests cellulose for the production of biofuels from these plant extracts.

Conclusion

Biofuels can be produced from plants by the process of fermentation from microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The microorganisms used in the process of fermentation to produce bio-fuels.

Concept Introduction:

Bio-fuels are prepared from waste extracts of plants. It includes the processing of wood-chips, pellets and organic materials to produce bio-ethanol in the laboratory. It covers about 10% of the world energy. Vegetable oil, animal fat and alcohol are combined to produce bio-diesel. The process of transesterification produces bio-diesel.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Micro-organisms which produce bio-diesel are as follows Rhodococcus jostii and various species of algae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The other species of algae include Kirchneriella lunaris,Lyngbya kuetzingii,Selenastrum capricornutum, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliqnus, and Isochrysis sphacrica.

Conclusion

There are various species of algae which produce bio-diesel.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The process by which glucose from cellulose in plants can be extracted for use in bio-fuel production.

Concept Introduction:

Fermentation is a process of breakdown of complex carbohydrates present in food into simpler compounds by microorganisms. It takes place under anaerobic conditions under proper conditions of temperature and pH. There are enzymes present in bacteria which degrade carbohydrates into smaller compounds inside the cell.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Lignin is an organic polymer of aromatic coumaryl alcohol and is present in plant vascular tissues. It is connected to glucose molecules. Fermentation causes the degradation of this polymer to release glucose molecules used as essential metabolites in fermentation pathway. The strain of bacteria which break down lignin is Rhodococcus jostii and cellulase enzyme digests cellulose for the production of biofuels from these plant extracts.

Conclusion

Biofuels can be produced from plants by the process of fermentation from microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The microorganisms used in the process of fermentation to produce bio-fuels.

Concept Introduction:

Bio-fuels are prepared from waste extracts of plants. It includes the processing of wood-chips, pellets and organic materials to produce bio-ethanol in the laboratory. It covers about 10% of the world energy. Vegetable oil, animal fat and alcohol are combined to produce bio-diesel. The process of transesterification produces bio-diesel.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Micro-organisms which produce bio-diesel are as follows Rhodococcus jostii and various species of algae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The other species of algae include Kirchneriella lunaris,Lyngbya kuetzingii,Selenastrum capricornutum, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliqnus, and Isochrysis sphacrica.

Conclusion

There are various species of algae which produce bio-diesel.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The process by which glucose from cellulose in plants can be extracted for use in bio-fuel production.

Concept Introduction:

Fermentation is a process of breakdown of complex carbohydrates present in food into simpler compounds by microorganisms. It takes place under anaerobic conditions under proper conditions of temperature and pH. There are enzymes present in bacteria which degrade carbohydrates into smaller compounds inside the cell.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Lignin is an organic polymer of aromatic coumaryl alcohol and is present in plant vascular tissues. It is connected to glucose molecules. Fermentation causes the degradation of this polymer to release glucose molecules used as essential metabolites in fermentation pathway. The strain of bacteria which break down lignin is Rhodococcus jostii and cellulase enzyme digests cellulose for the production of biofuels from these plant extracts.

Conclusion

Biofuels can be produced from plants by the process of fermentation from microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The microorganisms used in the process of fermentation to produce bio-fuels.

Concept Introduction:

Bio-fuels are prepared from waste extracts of plants. It includes the processing of wood-chips, pellets and organic materials to produce bio-ethanol in the laboratory. It covers about 10% of the world energy. Vegetable oil, animal fat and alcohol are combined to produce bio-diesel. The process of transesterification produces bio-diesel.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Micro-organisms which produce bio-diesel are as follows Rhodococcus jostii and various species of algae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The other species of algae include Kirchneriella lunaris,Lyngbya kuetzingii,Selenastrum capricornutum, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliqnus, and Isochrysis sphacrica.

Conclusion

There are various species of algae which produce bio-diesel.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The process by which glucose from cellulose in plants can be extracted for use in bio-fuel production.

Concept Introduction:

Fermentation is a process of breakdown of complex carbohydrates present in food into simpler compounds by microorganisms. It takes place under anaerobic conditions under proper conditions of temperature and pH. There are enzymes present in bacteria which degrade carbohydrates into smaller compounds inside the cell.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Lignin is an organic polymer of aromatic coumaryl alcohol and is present in plant vascular tissues. It is connected to glucose molecules. Fermentation causes the degradation of this polymer to release glucose molecules used as essential metabolites in fermentation pathway. The strain of bacteria which break down lignin is Rhodococcus jostii and cellulase enzyme digests cellulose for the production of biofuels from these plant extracts.

Conclusion

Biofuels can be produced from plants by the process of fermentation from microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The microorganisms used in the process of fermentation to produce bio-fuels.

Concept Introduction:

Bio-fuels are prepared from waste extracts of plants. It includes the processing of wood-chips, pellets and organic materials to produce bio-ethanol in the laboratory. It covers about 10% of the world energy. Vegetable oil, animal fat and alcohol are combined to produce bio-diesel. The process of transesterification produces bio-diesel.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Micro-organisms which produce bio-diesel are as follows Rhodococcus jostii and various species of algae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The other species of algae include Kirchneriella lunaris,Lyngbya kuetzingii,Selenastrum capricornutum, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliqnus, and Isochrysis sphacrica.

Conclusion

There are various species of algae which produce bio-diesel.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The process by which glucose from cellulose in plants can be extracted for use in bio-fuel production.

Concept Introduction:

Fermentation is a process of breakdown of complex carbohydrates present in food into simpler compounds by microorganisms. It takes place under anaerobic conditions under proper conditions of temperature and pH. There are enzymes present in bacteria which degrade carbohydrates into smaller compounds inside the cell.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Lignin is an organic polymer of aromatic coumaryl alcohol and is present in plant vascular tissues. It is connected to glucose molecules. Fermentation causes the degradation of this polymer to release glucose molecules used as essential metabolites in fermentation pathway. The strain of bacteria which break down lignin is Rhodococcus jostii and cellulase enzyme digests cellulose for the production of biofuels from these plant extracts.

Conclusion

Biofuels can be produced from plants by the process of fermentation from microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The microorganisms used in the process of fermentation to produce bio-fuels.

Concept Introduction:

Bio-fuels are prepared from waste extracts of plants. It includes the processing of wood-chips, pellets and organic materials to produce bio-ethanol in the laboratory. It covers about 10% of the world energy. Vegetable oil, animal fat and alcohol are combined to produce bio-diesel. The process of transesterification produces bio-diesel.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Micro-organisms which produce bio-diesel are as follows Rhodococcus jostii and various species of algae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The other species of algae include Kirchneriella lunaris,Lyngbya kuetzingii,Selenastrum capricornutum, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliqnus, and Isochrysis sphacrica.

Conclusion

There are various species of algae which produce bio-diesel.

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The process by which glucose from cellulose in plants can be extracted for use in bio-fuel production.

Concept Introduction:

Fermentation is a process of breakdown of complex carbohydrates present in food into simpler compounds by microorganisms. It takes place under anaerobic conditions under proper conditions of temperature and pH. There are enzymes present in bacteria which degrade carbohydrates into smaller compounds inside the cell.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Lignin is an organic polymer of aromatic coumaryl alcohol and is present in plant vascular tissues. It is connected to glucose molecules. Fermentation causes the degradation of this polymer to release glucose molecules used as essential metabolites in fermentation pathway. The strain of bacteria which break down lignin is Rhodococcus jostii and cellulase enzyme digests cellulose for the production of biofuels from these plant extracts.

Conclusion

Biofuels can be produced from plants by the process of fermentation from microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The process by which glucose from cellulose in plants can be extracted for use in bio-fuel production.

Concept Introduction:

Fermentation is a process of breakdown of complex carbohydrates present in food into simpler compounds by microorganisms. It takes place under anaerobic conditions under proper conditions of temperature and pH. There are enzymes present in bacteria which degrade carbohydrates into smaller compounds inside the cell.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Lignin is an organic polymer of aromatic coumaryl alcohol and is present in plant vascular tissues. It is connected to glucose molecules. Fermentation causes the degradation of this polymer to release glucose molecules used as essential metabolites in fermentation pathway. The strain of bacteria which break down lignin is Rhodococcus jostii and cellulase enzyme digests cellulose for the production of biofuels from these plant extracts.

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Conclusion

Biofuels can be produced from plants by the process of fermentation from microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The microorganisms used in the process of fermentation to produce bio-fuels.

Concept Introduction:

Bio-fuels are prepared from waste extracts of plants. It includes the processing of wood-chips, pellets and organic materials to produce bio-ethanol in the laboratory. It covers about 10% of the world energy. Vegetable oil, animal fat and alcohol are combined to produce bio-diesel. The process of transesterification produces bio-diesel.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Micro-organisms which produce bio-diesel are as follows Rhodococcus jostii and various species of algae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The other species of algae include Kirchneriella lunaris,Lyngbya kuetzingii,Selenastrum capricornutum, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliqnus, and Isochrysis sphacrica.

Conclusion

There are various species of algae which produce bio-diesel.

Answer 14

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The microorganisms used in the process of fermentation to produce bio-fuels.

Concept Introduction:

Bio-fuels are prepared from waste extracts of plants. It includes the processing of wood-chips, pellets and organic materials to produce bio-ethanol in the laboratory. It covers about 10% of the world energy. Vegetable oil, animal fat and alcohol are combined to produce bio-diesel. The process of transesterification produces bio-diesel.

Answer 15

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Micro-organisms which produce bio-diesel are as follows Rhodococcus jostii and various species of algae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The other species of algae include Kirchneriella lunaris,Lyngbya kuetzingii,Selenastrum capricornutum, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliqnus, and Isochrysis sphacrica.