The stereochemical formula for A , B , C, and D is to be proposed and the reactions involved in these transformation are to be outline. Concept introduction: Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair. Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair. Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction. Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction. Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules. Reduction is a process in which hydrogen atoms are added to a compound. The molecules which are non-superimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules. The stereoisomers which are non-superimposable on each other and not mirror images of each other are known as diastereomers. The achiral compounds in which plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds, but they are optically inactive. Enantiomers are stereoisomers whose molecules contain nonsuperimposable mirror images. A chiral molecule is one that has a nonsuperimposable mirror image and an achiral molecule is one that has a superimposable mirror image. The compounds having the same molecular formula and connectivity, but different spatial arrangement are known as stereo-isomers. A compound that rotates the plane-polarized light in clockwise direction is called dextrorotary. A compound that rotates the plane-polarized light in anti-clockwise direction is called levorotary.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 57P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stereochemical formula for A, B, C, and D is to be proposed and the reactions involved in these transformation are to be outline.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Reduction is a process in which hydrogen atoms are added to a compound.

The molecules which are non-superimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules.

The stereoisomers which are non-superimposable on each other and not mirror images of each other are known as diastereomers.

The achiral compounds in which plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds, but they are optically inactive.

Enantiomers are stereoisomers whose molecules contain nonsuperimposable mirror images.

A chiral molecule is one that has a nonsuperimposable mirror image and an achiral molecule is one that has a superimposable mirror image.

The compounds having the same molecular formula and connectivity, but different spatial arrangement are known as stereo-isomers.

A compound that rotates the plane-polarized light in clockwise direction is called dextrorotary.

A compound that rotates the plane-polarized light in anti-clockwise direction is called levorotary.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

When A is reacted with hot aqueous NaOH, a compound B of molecular formula C8H11NO is produced. With this information, write the correct structure of B and propose the reaction mechanism (step by step, with the correct use of arrows) to obtain B.

Treatment of a hydrocarbon A (molecular formula C9H18) with Br2 in the presence of light forms alkyl halides B and C, both having molecular formula C9H17Br. Reaction of either B or C with KOC(CH3)3 forms compound D (C9H16) as the major product. Ozonolysis of D forms cyclohexanone and acetone. Identify the structures of A–D.

A solution of acetone [(CH3)2C = O] in ethanol (CH3CH2OH) in the presence of a trace of acid was allowed to stand for several days, and a new compound of molecular formula C7H16O2 was formed. The IR spectrum showed only one major peak in the functional group region around 3000 cm−1, and the 1H NMR spectrum is given here. What is the structure of the product?