Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134555430
Author: Colleen Belk, Virginia Borden Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 7LTB

What is the physical basis for the independent assortment of alleles into offspring?

  1. There are chromosome divisions during gamete production;
  2. Homologous chromosome pairs are separated during gamete production;
  3. Sperm and eggs are produced by different sexes;
  4. Each gene codes for more than one protein;
  5. The instruction manual for producing a human is incomplete.

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Draw a Punnett square.  cross an XX woman with an XY man. How many kinds of eggs can a woman produce in terms of their sex chromosomes? How many kinds of sperm cells can men produce in terms of their sex chromosomes? In any given fertilization event, what is the chance that a child will be XX? XY? In any given fertilization event, what is the chance that a child will be male? Female?
What is the relationship between non-disjunction, changes in chromosome number and miscarriage?  Why does this happen more in females? How does maternal age change the outcome? Why?
A primary oocyte divides to give rise to a secondary oocyte and a first polar body. The secondary oocyte then divides to give rise to an ovum and a second polar body. Q. Is the genetic information found in the first polar body identical with that found in the secondary oocyte? Explain your answer
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Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY