Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The final temperature of the air stream is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.
In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:
Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.
All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.
Specific heat capacity
The equation for energy balance is:
Here,
The mole fraction of a species
Here,
An ideal gas is the gas which obeys ideal gas laws which is a simplified equation of states.
A real gas behaves as an ideal gas at higher temperature and lower pressure. At STP, a mole of an ideal gas has a volume of
Specific heat capacity
Specific enthalpy
Here,
(b)
Interpretation:
The rate at which heat is transferred from hot air stream is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
For an adiabatic system, the heat lost by one component in the system is the heat gained by another component in that system. Thus,
(c)
Interpretation:
The operation of the spray cooler is to be explained such that a high school senior student can understand.
Concept introduction:
When there is a difference in the temperature of two bodies, then upon the contact of the two system, transfer of heat takes place from higher temperature body to lower temperature body.
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Elementary Principles Of Chemical Processes
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