A skateboarder with his board can be modeled as a particle of mass 76.0 kg, located at his center of mass (which we will study in Chapter 9). As shown in Figure P8.49, the skateboarder starts from rest in a crouch-ing position at one lip of a half-pipe (point Ⓐ). The half-pipe is one half of a cylinder of radius 6.80 m with its axis horizontal. On his descent, the skateboarder moves without friction so that his center of mass moves through one quarter of a circle of radius 630 m. (a) Find his speed at the bottom of the half-pipe (point Ⓑ (b) Immediately after passing point Ⓑhe stands up and raises his arms, lifting his center of mass from 0.500 in to 0.950 m above the concrete (point ©). Next, the skateboarder glides upward with his center of mass moving in a quarter circle of radius 5.85 m. His body is horizontal when he passes point Ⓓ, the far lip of the half-pipe. As he passes through point Ⓓ, the speed of the skateboarder is 5.14 m/s. How much chemical potential energy in the body of the skateboarder was converted to mechanical energy in the skateboarder—Earth system when he stood up at point Ⓑ? (c) How high above point Ⓓ does he rise? Caution: Do not try this stunt yourself without the required skill and protective equipment.
Figure P8.49
(a)
The speed at the bottom of the half pipe.
Answer to Problem 8.49AP
The speed at the bottom of the half pipe is
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The mass of the particle is
The formula to calculate the initial gravitational potential energy of the particle at point
Here,
Thus, the initial gravitational potential energy of the particle at point
The formula to calculate the gravitational potential energy is,
Here,
The height of the particle at point
Substitute 0 for
Thus, the gravitational potential energy at point
The formula to calculate the initial kinetic energy of the particle is,
Here,
The initial velocity of the particle is 0 as the particle is at rest then the kinetic energy at point
Substitute 0 for
Thus, the kinetic energy of the particle at point
The formula to calculate the kinetic energy of the particle at point
Here,
Thus, the kinetic energy at point
The formula to calculate the law of conservation of energy is,
Here,
Substitute
Substitute
Rearrange the above formula for
Substitute
Conclusion:
Therefore, the speed at the bottom of the half pipe is
(b)
The amount of chemical potential energy converted into mechanical energy in the skateboarder- Earth system when he stood up at point
Answer to Problem 8.49AP
The amount of chemical potential energy converted into mechanical energy in the skateboarder- Earth system when he stood up at point
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The mass of the particle is
The formula to calculate the centripetal acceleration of the particle at the point
Here,
Substitute
Thus, the centripetal acceleration of the particle at point
The formula to calculate the normal force acting on the particle at point
Here,
Substitute
Thus, the value of normal force acting on the particle at point
The formula to calculate the chemical energy of the skateboarder converted into mechanical energy at point
Here,
Substitute
Conclusion:
Therefore, the amount of chemical potential energy converted into mechanical energy in the skateboarder- Earth system when he stood up at point
(c)
The height above point
Answer to Problem 8.49AP
The height above point
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The mass of the particle is
The formula to calculate the initial gravitational potential energy of the particle at point
Here,
Thus, the initial gravitational potential energy of the particle at point
The formula to calculate the gravitational potential energy is,
Here,
Thus, the gravitational potential energy at point
The formula to calculate the initial kinetic energy of the particle is,
Here,
Thus, the kinetic energy of the particle at point
The formula to calculate the kinetic energy of the particle at point
Here,
Thus, the kinetic energy at point
The formula to calculate the law of conservation of energy is,
Here,
Substitute
Substitute
Substitute
Conclusion:
Therefore, the height above point
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Volume 1
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