Chapter 8, Problem 8BE

To determine

Prepare income statements, balance sheets, and statements of cash flows for 2016 and 2017.

Explanation of Solution

Double-declining-balance method:

It is an accelerated method of depreciation under which the depreciation declines in each successive year until the value of asset becomes zero. Under this method, the book value (original cost less accumulated depreciation) of the long-term asset is decreased by a fixed rate. It is double the rate of the straight-line depreciation.

T-account:

T-account is the form of the ledger account, where the journal entries are posted to this account. It is referred to as the T-account, because the alignment of the components of the account resembles the capital letter ‘T’.

Income statement:

Income statement is the financial statement of a company which shows all the revenues earned and expenses incurred by the company over a period of time.

Balance sheet:

Balance is the financial statement that reports a company’s resources (assets) and claims of creditors (liabilities) and stockholders (stockholders’ equity) over those resources. The resources of the company are assets which include money contributed by stockholders and creditors. Hence, the main elements of the balance sheet are assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity.

Statement of cash flows:

Statement of cash flows is one among the financial statement of a Company statement that shows aggregate data of all cash inflows and cash outflows that is received and paid by the company from its ongoing business operations.

T-accounts are prepared as follows:

Cash
2016                            120,000			110,000
	85,000
Bal.	95,000
2017                              72,000
Bal.	167,000

Equipment
2016                               110,000
Bal.		110,000

Accumulated Depreciation
2016			44,000   (2)
2017		Bal.	44,000
			26,400   (2)
		Bal.	70,400

Common Stock
2016			120,000
		Bal.	120,000

Retained Earnings
2016 Cl.                         44,000		Cl.	85,000
		Bal.	41,000
2017 Cl.                         26,400		Cl.	72,000
		Bal.	86,600

	Service Revenue
	2016 Cl.                  85,000			85,000
	2017	Cl.              72,000	Bal.	0
				72,000
			Bal.		0

Depreciation Expense
2016                        (2) 44,000		Cl.	44,000
Bal.                                      0		Cl.	26,400
2017                        (2) 26,40026,667
Bal.                                      0

Prepare income statement, balance sheets, and statements of cash flows for 2016 and 2017 using vertical format.

Company H
Financial Statements
For the Year Ended December 31
Income Statements	2016	2017
Sales Revenue	$85,000	$72,000
Depreciation Expense	($44,000)	($26,400)
Net Income	$41,000	$45,600
Balance Sheets	2016	2017
Assets:
Cash	$95,000	$167,000
Equipment	$110,000	$110,000
Less: Accumulated Depreciation	($44,000)	($70,400)
Total Assets	$161,000	$206,600
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common Stock	$120,000	$120,000
Retained Earnings	$41,000	$86,600
Total Stockholders’ Equity	$161,000	$206,600
Statements of Cash Flows	2016	2017
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Inflow from Customers	$85,000	$72,000
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Outflow to Purchase Equipment	($110,000)	$0
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Inflow from Stock Issue	$120,000	$0
Net Change in Cash	$95,000	$72,000
Add: Beginning Cash Balance	$0	$95,000
Ending Cash Balance	$95,000	$167,000

Table (1)

Working notes:

Calculate the Double-declining-balance rate:

$\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{l}\text{Double-declining-balance}\\ \text{rate}\text{per}\text{year}\end{array})\text{=}\text{Straight}\text{line}\text{depreciation}\text{rate}\text{per year}\text{×}\text{2}\\ \text{=}\text{0}\text{.2}\text{×}\text{2}\\ \text{=}\text{0}\text{.4}\end{array}$ (1)

Note: Straight line depreciation rate = $\frac{1}{5\text{ years}}=0.2$ per year

Calculate the depreciation expense (double-declining-balance method) of equipment for 2016 and 2017:

Year	Book value at the beginning $\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{ Cost of purchase}-\\ \text{Accumulated depreciation}\end{array}\right)$	×	Double-declining-balance rate (1)	×	Annual depreciation expense
2016	($110,000-$0)	×	0.4	×	$44,000
2017	($110,000-$44,000)	×	0.4	×	$26,400

Table (2)

(2)