EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780136539414
Author: Reece
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 8.3, Problem 3CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS → Does Figure 8.11a show passive or active transport? Explain. (See Concepts 7.3 and 7.4.)
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Model 4 - Transport Proteins: Facilitated Diffusion
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10. What appears to be the effect of inserting a protein channel into the membrane on the
movement of molecules across the membrane?
11. Is the inner surface (facing the channel) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar
in the examples shown in Model 4? Is the exterior surface (facing the fatty acid chains of the
phospholipids) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar? Explain your reasoning.
When a membrane protein assists in the passive transport of molecules across a barrier in the
direction down their concentration gradient (from high concentration to low concentration) it is
called facilitated diffusion. Transport proteins may also be involved in active transport where the
cell uses energy from…
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How is active transport different from simple diffusion?
Both active transport and simple diffusion transport molecules against the concentration
gradient.
In active transport, molecules are moved down the concentration gradient; on the
B contrary, molecules to be transported in simple diffusion are moved against the
concentration gradient.
In active transport, molecules are transported with the aid of transport proteins; on the
© other hand, molecules to be transported in simple diffusion do not need transport
proteins.
In active transport, molecules that are transported does not need metabolic energy; in
contrast, molecules transported in simple diffusion need metabolic energy.
Chapter 8 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
Ch. 8.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How does the second law of...Ch. 8.1 - Describe the forms of energy found in an apple as...Ch. 8.1 - WHAT IF? If you place a teaspoon of sugar in the...Ch. 8.2 - Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen,...Ch. 8.2 - VISUAL SKILLS How would the processes of...Ch. 8.2 - WHAT IF? Some nighttime partygoers wear glow-in-...Ch. 8.3 - How does ATP typically transfer energy from an...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Does Figure 8.11a show passive...Ch. 8.4 - Many spontaneous reactions occur very slowly. Why...
Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.4 - WHAT IF? Malonate is an inhibitor of the enzyme...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 8.5 - How do an activator and an inhibitor have...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8 - Explain how the highly ordered structure of a cell...Ch. 8 - Explain the meaning of each component in the...Ch. 8 - Describe the ATP cycle: How is ATP used and...Ch. 8 - How do both activation energy barriers and enzymes...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.5CRCh. 8 - Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 8 - Which of the following metabolic processes can...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 8 - Some bacteria art metabolically active in hot...Ch. 8 - If an enzyme is added to a solution where its...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 8 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Some people argue that...Ch. 8 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 8 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY AND MATTER Life...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11TYU
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- Cells transporting substances across their membranes is essential. Choose TWO of the following types of cellular transport. ๏osmosis ๏active transport ๏facilitated diffusion ๏endocytosis / exocytosis (a)For each type of transport you choose, describe the transport process. Explain how the organization of cell membrane plays a role the movement of specific molecules across membrane. (b)Using the same transport types, identify a specific cell that utilizes that type of transit (i.e. one cell for each transport type, or two different cell examples), and detail a substance that is transferred. (c)A typical human lymphocyte has a radius of about 10 μm, while a typical bacterium (e.g., S. pneumoniae) has a radius of about 1 μm. Assuming that both cell types are perfectly spherical, compare and contrastthe transport mechanisms for each of these cells.arrow_forwardDistinguish between simple diffusion (SD), facilitated diffusion (FD), and active transport (AT) across a membrane for the following questions. (a) Which processes are energy dependent? (b) Which processes need some kind of carrier protein(s)? (c) Which processes can be saturated by substrate? (d) Which processes can establish a concentration gradient? (e) How much energy does it take to transport an uncharged substrate in, if its starting inside concentration is 10-fold greater than outside?arrow_forwardEthanol or Lactic acid G3P Руruvat Glucose G3P Руruvat Acetyl-CoA Citric Acid Охaloacetatearrow_forward
- In facilitated diffusion, what is the role of the transport protein? > View Available Hint(s) O Transport proteins allow solutes to move passively down their concentration gradient across the membrane. O Transport proteins provide the energy for diffusion of the solute. O Transport proteins provide a low-resistance channel for water molecules to cross the membrane. O Transport proteins provide a protein site for ATP hydrolysis, which facilitates the movement of a solute across a membrane. Transport proteins organize the phospholipids to allow the solute to cross the membrane.arrow_forward1. Name the two forms of passive transport. 2. With reference to a named, specific example, describe the processes involved in channel mediated diffusion. In your answe state what kind of transport it is. 3. Explain why the graph obtained for facilitated diffusion when velocity of transport of a given molecule is plotted against its concentration is a hyperbola. In your answer, highlight the events that occur along the hyperbola.arrow_forwardCalculate the free energy changes at 20°C for the transmembrane movement of Na and K ions using the conditions presented Figure 9.1. Assume the membrane potential is -70 mV. Use 3 significant figures. AG (Na) - AG (K) = kJ. mol ¹ kJ mol2 Aarrow_forward
- Qualitative thinking: For diffusion, we need to keep straight the difference between diffusion rate and diffusive flux. a. How do diffusive flux and diffusion rate differ? How do their units differ? b. Give an equation that relates the two. c. Based on Fick's equation for diffusive flux, what are some conditions that would increase flux and rate?arrow_forwardThe diffusion rate of four different membrane proteins (A, B, C, and D) was measured using a FRAP experiment with purified liposomes. The FRAP recovery curves are shown below. (a) Which membrane protein exhibits the higher rate of diffusion in the lipid bilayer? A or B? C or D? (b) Explain the most likely cause of the difference in the recovery curves for proteins A and C.arrow_forwardMembrane Protein Insertion in the ER This figure displays five small hypothetical proteins. The a-helix secondary structure of the protein is bracketed and the number of amino acids in the helix is indicated. If the hypothetical ER localization sequence is green-yellow-yellow-green-yellow-red, what protein could potentially be a transmembrane protein in the plasma membrane? = Acidic = Basic = Polar (uncharged) O = Hydrophobic CO₂ T 20 CO2 T 20 NH₂ A. T 20 NH₂ B. NH₂ C. T 20 NH₂ D. NH₂ E. tot 10arrow_forward
- . MAKE CONNECTIONS How are the Casparian strip andtight junctions similar (see Figure 6.30)?arrow_forwardCh. 5 Practice- Transport Watch each video and answer the corresponding questions on the right. Facilitated. vs. Active Transport outside cell Na+ Na+ Na+ channel Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ inside cell Na+ K+ K+ Na+ K+ K+ Na+ K+ channel K+ K+ Na+ Na+ K+ Na+ K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ K+ K+ Na+ Na+ K+ K+ K+ Na+ K+ channel Na+ Passive Transport K+ Na+ K+ Na+/K+ pump Na+ K+ K+ 2 3 4 Watch the movement of Na+ through the Na+ channel. The Na+ is moving the cell, from choose your answer... choose your answer... 00 Watch the movement of K+ through the K+ channel. The K+ is moving choose your answer... the cell, from choose your answer... concentration. Is any energy required in movement through the channels? Yes No concentration. Moving molecules or ions from low to high concentration uses choose your answer... transport. --arrow_forwardrate of transport Vmax 1/2Vmax transporter-mecated diffusion Km simple diffusion concentration of transported molecule The graph at left shows rates of movement across a cell membrane for a substance that uses simple diffusion (green) and a transport mechanism (red). Which of the following is TRUE about the transporters at the point shown by the arrow? A. The transporter proteins are operating more slowly than at lower concentrations. B. The transporter proteins are operating as fast as possible. C. The transporters proteins shut off at that concentration. D. The rate slows because transporter proteins run out of ATP.arrow_forward
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