EBK ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321888013
Author: Hoehn
Publisher: VST
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 10RQ
The neurotransmitter released by somatic motor neurons is (a) acetylcholine, (b) acetylcholinesterase, (c) norepinephrine.
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Binding of neurotransmitter to the motor end plate leads to depolarization because the neurotransmitter:
a) opens ligand-gated sodium channels.
b) opens voltage-gated sodium channels.
c) opens ligand-gated potassium channels.
d) opens voltage-gated potassium channels.
Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by poisoning blocks neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction because (a) ACh is no longer released by the presynaptic terminal, (b) ACh synthesis in the presynaptic terminal is blocked, (c) ACh is not degraded, hence prolonged depolarization is enforced onthe postsynaptic cell, (d) ACh is blocked from attaching to the postsynaptic ACh receptors.
Put the following events in chronological order. (Some of the steps may be missing.)1) Ca*+ floods into the pre-synaptic neuron.2) ch (Acetylcholine) binds to ACh receptors in the sarcolemma.3) Na+ floods into the post-synaptic muscle cell.4) The A.P arrives at the pre-synaptic terminal causing Ca+ channels to open.5) Ach from the synaptic vesicles spills into the pre-synaptic cleft.6) A post-synaptic action potential results in the muscle fiber (depolarization
Chapter 9 Solutions
EBK ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 9 - When describing muscle, what does striated mean?Ch. 9 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 9 - How does the term epimysium relate to the role and...Ch. 9 - Which myofilaments have binding sites for calcium?...Ch. 9 - Which region or organelle-cytosol, mitochondrion,...Ch. 9 - What are the three structural components of a...Ch. 9 - What is the final trigger for contraction? What is...Ch. 9 - What prevents the filaments from sliding back to...Ch. 9 - What would happen if a muscle fiber suddenly ran...Ch. 9 - What is a motor unit?
Ch. 9 - What is happening in the muscle during the latent...Ch. 9 - Prob. 12CYUCh. 9 - When Eric returned from jogging, he was breathing...Ch. 9 - List two factors that influence contractile force...Ch. 9 - Prob. 15CYUCh. 9 - How do aerobic and resistance exercise differ in...Ch. 9 - Compare the structures of skeletal and smooth...Ch. 9 - Calcium is the trigger for contraction of all...Ch. 9 - How does the stress-relaxation response suit the...Ch. 9 - The connective tissue covering that encloses the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2RQCh. 9 - Prob. 3RQCh. 9 - Prob. 4RQCh. 9 - Prob. 5RQCh. 9 - Contraction elicited by a single brief stimulus is...Ch. 9 - A smooth, sustained contraction resulting from...Ch. 9 - Characteristics of isometric contractions include...Ch. 9 - During muscle contraction, ATP is provided by (a)...Ch. 9 - The neurotransmitter released by somatic motor...Ch. 9 - The ions that enter the skeletal muscle cell...Ch. 9 - Myoglobin has a special function in muscle tissue....Ch. 9 - 13. Aerobic exercise results in all of the...Ch. 9 - The smooth muscle type found in the walls of...Ch. 9 - Name and describe the four special functional...Ch. 9 - Distinguish between (a) direct and indirect muscle...Ch. 9 - (a) Describe the structure of a sarcomere and...Ch. 9 - What is the importance of acetylcholinesterase in...Ch. 9 - Explain how a slight (but smooth) contraction...Ch. 9 - Explain what is meant by the term...Ch. 9 - Define and draw a motor unit.Ch. 9 - Describe the three distinct types of skeletal...Ch. 9 - True or false: Most muscles contain a predominance...Ch. 9 - Describe some cause(s) of muscle fatigue and...Ch. 9 - Define EPOC.Ch. 9 - Smooth muscle has some unique properties, such as...Ch. 9 - Lets continue our tale of Mrs. DeStephanos medical...Ch. 9 - Lets continue our tale of Mrs. DeStephanos medical...Ch. 9 - Lets continue our tale of Mrs. DeStephanos medical...Ch. 9 - Lets continue our tale of Mrs. DeStephanos medical...
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- If you increase the amount of neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft, how would you expect the post-synaptic potential (PSP) to change? a) The PSP would be stronger b) The PSP would change from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing c) The PSP would not changearrow_forwardA synapse between a terminal bouton and a neuron cell body is classified as (a) axodendritic, (b) axoaxonic, (c) axosomatic, (d) axoneuronic.arrow_forward48) which of the following occurs when acetylcholine is released from somatic nervous system? a) sometimes an EPSP, sometimes and IPSP b) skeletal muscle relaxation c) EPSP every time d) IPSP every timearrow_forward
- The neuromuscular junction is similar to synapses in the central nervous system in that: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) a.) A wave of depolarization in the presynaptic terminal opens voltage gated Ca++ channels b.) Calcium entry through voltage-gated channels in the presynaptic terminal is necessary for the release of neurotransmitter c.) The neurotransmitter released from the pre-synaptic terminal binds to specific receptors on the post-synaptic side d.) The release at the neuromuscular junction of acetylcholine results in just a fraction of a mV depolarization on the post-synaptic membrane which is similar to what is seen at synapses in the central nervous system.arrow_forwardAcetylcholinesterase is an important molecule in the engine end plate to share: a) stimulates receptors in the postsynaptic membrane b) synthesizes acetylcholine from acetate and choline c) breaks down acetylcholine d) stimulates the release of Ca2 + from the sarcoplasmic reticulumarrow_forwardName two defining properties of neurotransmitters.arrow_forward
- Synaptic cleft has what? A)stores neurotransmitters when they are not in use B)contains myosin and actin C)is located in the sarcoplasm D)is a space where neurotransmitters are released from the neuronarrow_forwardNeurotransmitters that influence the effect of other neurotransmitters when released at the same time are called: A) major neurotransmitters B) neuromodulators C) excitatory neurotransmitters D) inhibitory neurotransmittersarrow_forwardMulti-cell recordings from the human motor cortex can be used to guide a robotic arm. Discuss BCI and action control: a) How the woman controls the robotic arm b) She has been paralyzed for over 20 years, but this BCI system still works for her. What does that mean? c) What kinds of information do motor neurons code?arrow_forward
- You identify a new neuron in the fruit fly's brain and find it contains acetylcholine. 1) Based on this identification, this neuron is (a) Excitatory, (b) Inhibitory, (c) Neither excitatory nor inhibitory, or (d) Either excitatory or inhibitory 2) Briefly explain your answer above. 3) How would you figure out your answer above? Briefly describe an experiment you would do. Edit Format Tablearrow_forwardZoloft, an antidepressant, inhibits uptake of serotonin across the ____ membrane and ____ the concentration of this neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft. A)pre-synaptic; decreases B)post-synaptic; decreases C) pre-synaptic; increases D)post-synaptic; increasesarrow_forwardA mutation causes a switch in dopamine receptor G-protein-coupled mechanisms in the basal ganglia, causing D1 and D2 receptors to swap their G-protein subunits. If these animals began showing Parkinson-like neuronal degeneration, what would be the resulting motor function? Question 1 options: A) Hyperkinetic B) No change C) Hypokineticarrow_forward
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