The group of an element, based on its molecular shape is to be identified. Concept Introduction: VSEPR theory is helpful in predicting the shapes of molecules from their Lewis structures. The geometry of a molecule can be determined on the basis of the number of electron groups, lone pairs, and bonding pairs in that molecule. An electron domain can be defined as the region or a space near the nucleus of an atom where electrons can be found. The electron domain describes the non-bonding domain as a lone pair, or a free radical. As per the electron domain, the space covered by a bonding domain will be in the increasing order for the molecules having a single bond, a double bond, and a triple bond.
The group of an element, based on its molecular shape is to be identified. Concept Introduction: VSEPR theory is helpful in predicting the shapes of molecules from their Lewis structures. The geometry of a molecule can be determined on the basis of the number of electron groups, lone pairs, and bonding pairs in that molecule. An electron domain can be defined as the region or a space near the nucleus of an atom where electrons can be found. The electron domain describes the non-bonding domain as a lone pair, or a free radical. As per the electron domain, the space covered by a bonding domain will be in the increasing order for the molecules having a single bond, a double bond, and a triple bond.
Solution Summary: The author explains that VSEPR theory is helpful in predicting the shapes of molecules based on the number of electron groups, lone pairs, and bonding pairs in that molecule.
The group of an element, based on its molecular shape is to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
VSEPR theory is helpful in predicting the shapes of molecules from their Lewis structures. The geometry of a molecule can be determined on the basis of the number of electron groups, lone pairs, and bonding pairs in that molecule.
An electron domain can be defined as the region or a space near the nucleus of an atom where electrons can be found. The electron domain describes the non-bonding domain as a lone pair, or a free radical.
As per the electron domain, the space covered by a bonding domain will be in the increasing order for the molecules having a single bond, a double bond, and a triple bond.
The hydroxides formed by three elements of period 3 are given in the following table.
Period
Group 1A
Group 2A
Group 3A
Period 3
NaOHNaOH
Mg(OH)2Mg(OH)2
Al(OH)3Al(OH)3
Period 4
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Write the chemical formulas for the hydroxides formed by the corresponding elements in period 4 for groups 1A, 2A, and 3A.
Item 5
Answer the following questions related to the chemical bonding in substances containing Cl.
(a) What type of chemical bond is present in the Cl2 molecule?
(b) Cl2 reacts with the element Sr to form an ionic compound. Based on periodic properties, identify a molecule, X2, that is likely to react with Sr in a way similar to how Cl2 reacts with Sr. Justify your choice.
(c) A graph of potential energy versus internuclear distance for two Cl atoms is given below. On the same graph, carefully sketch a curve that corresponds to potential energy versus internuclear distance for two Br atoms.
(d) In the box below, draw a complete Lewis electron-dot diagram for the C2Cl4 molecule.
(e) Answer the following based on the diagram you drew above.
(i) What is the hybridization of the CC atoms in C2Cl4?
(ii) What is the approximate chlorine-carbon-chlorine bond angle in C2Cl4?
(iii) Is the C2Cl4 molecule…
Metals can be rolled into sheets and stamped into various forms. In contrast, diamond is very hard and
brittle. Which explanation for these different properties is correct?
Metals have semi-ionic bonds, whereas diamond has covalent bonds.
The electrons of a metal are held more tightly to the parent atom than the electrons of carbon. Hence,
the bonds in a metal are stronger than the bonds in diamond.
Metals are made of metal atoms, whereas diamond is made of non-metal carbon atoms.
The electrons that surround a metal atom are free to move through the metal. The bonding electron
pairs in a diamond are held tightly between two carbon atoms in an overall tetrahedral pattern.
Diamond has strong double bonds between carbon atoms. Metal bonds are normally single covalent
bonds, which bend easily.