BIOLOGY-CUSTOM LL
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260950090
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 9, Problem 1S
Describe the common features found in all examples of cellular signaling discussed in this chapter. Provide examples to illustrate your answer.
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Cell signaling in plant and animal cells is similar in some ways and different in others. Offer one or more hypotheses for these similarities and differences,and cite specific examples.
Chapter 9 Solutions
BIOLOGY-CUSTOM LL
Ch. 9 - Paracrine signaling is characterized by ligands...Ch. 9 - Signal transduction pathways a. are necessary for...Ch. 9 - The function of a ____is to add phosphates to...Ch. 9 - Which of the following receptor types is NOT a...Ch. 9 - How does the function of an intracellular receptor...Ch. 9 - Signaling through receptor tyrosine kinases often...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7UCh. 9 - Which of the following best describes the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1ACh. 9 - The ion Ca2+ can act as a second messenger because...
Ch. 9 - Different receptors can have the same effect on a...Ch. 9 - In comparing small G proteins like Ras and GPCR...Ch. 9 - Prob. 5ACh. 9 - The receptors for steroid hormones and peptide...Ch. 9 - Describe the common features found in all examples...Ch. 9 - The sheet of cells that form the gut epithelium...
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- Describe the protein kinase cascade stimulated by epinephrine in liver cells or by insulin in muscle cells. How can it go wrong? What happens if it goes wrong? Explain the usefulness of protein kinase cascades and mechanisms to shut them down. Please give explanations for every step of this pathway. Define all technical terms you use.arrow_forwardThe G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) pathway elicits diverse intracellular responses in different cells. The basic steps of GPCR signaling are outlined in this diagram. Which of the following statements correctly describes the process of GPCR signaling? The GPCR activation is reversible after the signal of the ligand diminishes. The membrane-embedded enzyme uses GTP as a secondary messenger to initiate gene expression. The ligand attaches to both the GPCR and the membrane-embedded enzyme to activate the GPCR pathway. The ligand-bound GPCR sends a GTP molecule to an enzyme in the membrane and switches it into an active state.arrow_forwardCell Communications Explain the role of the trans-membrane and the intracellular protein receptors in cell signaling (provide an example of each).arrow_forward
- Please note whether each protein is either a Kinase (K), ATPase (A), GTPase (G), Membrane protein (M). Some proteins may need more than one letter: Dynamin [Choose ] Porin [Choose ] EGF Receptor [Choose ] CD4 [Choose ] P-glycoprotein [Choose ] Rho [Choose ] <arrow_forwardBriefly explain how integral membrane proteins can participate in intracellular signaling.arrow_forwardWhy do we need to identify and determine the function of every single molecule involved in cell signalling? Provide one concrete example of an application of an elucidated cascade of events in cell signalling. (The answer should be no less than 300 words)arrow_forward
- Cite evidence supporting a long evolutionary history for cell signaling molecules.arrow_forwardWhat is the main benefit of cell signaling via direct physical contact and cell signaling over short distances (ex: nerve cell signaling)?arrow_forwardTo understand how a signaling pathway works, it is often useful to isolate the cell-surface receptor and to measure the activity of downstream effector proteins under different conditions. How could you use affinity chromatography to isolate a cell-surface receptor?arrow_forward
- Steroid hormones are required by the body at puberty and into adolescence to regulate growth and cell division at more rapid pace than in later life. This regulation occurs via their interaction with cellular receptors and the signaling cascades/pathways that follow. Describe for me the difference between the two major classes of steroids, anabolic and catabolic steroids. What might you expect the result of signaling cascades to be in cells receiving either anabolic or catabolic “signals”? (B) At some point in late adolescence, steroid production decreases by almost 100 fold, as we transition into “adulthood”. Why might we wish to stop these signals from constantly being in our blood stream, (like, Say, between 17-24 years of age)? What result might these steroids have on cancer cells where abhorrent signaling is already causing an increased rate of cell division/growth? Could steroid use result in Cancer?arrow_forwardWrite a step-by-step description of a specific signal transduction pathway. Your description should include a minimum of THREE steps and be written in your own words (not copied from the internet, your notes, or your peers!arrow_forwardIn vesicle based signaling, how is the regulated secretory pathway implicated in synaptic signaling ? Then, apply this information to describe in detail the pathway in which a neurotransmitter is received at the dendrites of one neuron and ultimately leads to the release of new transmitters that activate a second neuron .arrow_forward
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Intro to Cell Signaling; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dbRterutHY;License: Standard youtube license