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Mark the following statements as true or false.
All members of a struct must be of different types. (1)
A struct is a definition, not a declaration. (1)
A struct variable must be declared after the struct definition. (1)
A struct member is accessed by using the operator :. (2)
The only allowable operations on a struct are assignment and member selection. (2)
Because a struct has a finite number of components, relational operations are allowed on a struct. (2)
Some aggregate input/output operations are allowed on a struct variable. (2)
A struct variable can be passed as a parameter either by value or by reference. (4)
A function cannot return a value of the type struct. (4)
An array can be a member of a struct. (6, 7)
A member of a struct can be another struct. (8)
a)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
False
Explanation of Solution
Given Information: All members of a struct must be of different types.
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, the struct is a reserved keyword. This keyword is used to define a structure. A structure is a collection of fixed number of components. These components can be of different types. It means that a struct has both same type and different type component/members.
Conclusion:All Component/members of a struct can be of same types and can be of different types.Hence, the given statement is false.
b)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
true
Explanation of Solution
Given Information: Astruct is a definition, not a declaration.
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, struct is a reserved keyword. This keyword is used to define a structure. A structure is a collection of fixed number of components of both same and different types.To use the struct, an instance/pointer/variable is declared and memory is allocated for the instance/pointer/variable of thestruct when they declared.
Conclusion: Astruct is used to define a structure. Hence, the given statement is true.
c)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
False.
Explanation of Solution
Given Information: A structvariable must be declared after the struct definition.
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, struct is a reserved keyword. This keyword is used to define a structure. To use the struct, an instance/pointer/variable is declared and memory is allocated for the instance/pointer/variableof the struct when they declared.
Conclusion: An instance/pointer/variable of the structcan be declared when required.
Hence, the given statement is false.
d)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
false
Explanation of Solution
Given Information: A structmember is accessed by using the operator (:).
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, the dot (.) operator is used to access the member of a struct. This operator is also known as member access operator.
Conclusion: Toaccess the member of a struct a member access operator (.) is used.
Hence, the given statement is false.
e)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
true
Explanation of Solution
Given Information: The only allowable operations on a struct are assignment and member selection.
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, Theassignment and member access operations are the two built in operations for astruct. The arithmetic and relational operations are not allowed on struct.
Conclusion: The assignment and member selectionoperations are the only allowableoperations on a struct.
Hence, the given statement is true.
f)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
false
Explanation of Solution
Given information: As a struct has a finite number of components, therefore, relational operations are allowed on a struct.
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, Thestruct is a reserved keyword. This keyword is used to define a structure. A structure is a collection of fixed number of components. These components can be of different types. It means that a struct has both same type and different type component/members.The assignment and member access operations are the two built in operations for a struct. The arithmetic and relational operations are not allowed on struct.
Conclusion: The relational operations are not allowed on a struct.
Hence, the given statement is false.
g)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
False
Explanation of Solution
Given Information: Some aggregate input/output operations are allowed on a struct variable.
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, Thestruct is a reserved keyword. This keyword is used to define a structure. A structure is a collection of fixed number of components. These components can be of different types. It means that a struct has both same type and different type component/members. The assignment and member access operations are the two built in operations for a struct. The arithmetic and relational or other aggregate input/output operations are not allowed on struct.
Conclusion: The aggregate input/output operations are not allowed on a struct.
Hence, the given statement is false.
h)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
True
Explanation of Solution
Given Information: A struct variable can be passed as a parameter either by value or by reference.
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, struct is a reserved keywordused to define a structureof fixed number of components of same or different types. Astruct can be passed as a parameter to a functioneither by value or by reference.
Conclusion: A struct variable can be passed as a parameterto a function either by value or by reference.
Hence, the given statement is true.
i)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
False
Explanation of Solution
Given Information: A function cannot return a value of the type struct.
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, struct is a reserved keyword used to define a structure of fixed number of components of same or different types. A struct can be passed as a parameter to a function either by value or by reference. A function can also return a value of structtype.
Conclusion: A function can return a value of struct type.
Hence, the given statement is false.
j)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
True
Explanation of Solution
Given Information: An array can be a member of a struct.
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, the struct is a reserved keyword. This keyword is used to define a structure. A structure is a collection of fixed number of components/members. These components can be of different types. The component/member can be of array type, struct type, integer type, float type, char type, string type, char type, or Boolean type.
Conclusion:An array can be a member of a struct.
Hence, the given statement is true.
k)
To find whether given statement is true or false.
true
Explanation of Solution
Given Information: A member of a struct can be another struct.
Explanation:In the C++ programming language, the struct is a reserved keyword. This keyword is used to define a structure. A structure is a collection of fixed number of components/members. These components can be of different types. The component/member can be of array type, struct type, integer type, float type, char type, string type, char type, or Boolean type.
Conclusion: A struct can be a component/member of another struct.
Hence, the given statement is true.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design
- Assume the definition of class houseType as given in Exercise 11. Answer the following questions. (1, 2, 3, 5, 7) a. Write the definition of the member function set so that private members are set according to the parameters. b. Write the definition of the member function print that prints the values of the data members. c. Write the definition of the constructor of the class houseType so that the private member variables are initialized to according to the parameters. d. Write a C++ statement that prints the value of the object newHouse. e. Write a C + + statement that declares an object house of type newHouse, and initializes the member variables of house to "Ranch", 3, 2, 2, 2005, 1300, 185000, and 3600.0, respectively. f. Which function members are accessors and which are mutators?arrow_forwardLanguage: C++ -------- (a) Name an operator that should be overloaded as a member function. Why? (b) Name an operator that should be overloaded as a non-member function. Why?arrow_forwardEither a member function or a normal function may be used to handle overloaded operators. Falsearrow_forward
- Write the code in c++ without using global variables Purpose: Demonstrate the use of classes Program definition: Design a class bookType that defines a book as a class. a. Each object of the class bookType will hold the following information about a book: title number of authors up to four authors publisher year published ISBN 13 (with dashes) price number of copies in stock (may be 0) b. Include the member functions to perform the various operations on objects of type bookType: Include individual get and set functions for all member variables. c. Add a member function to update the number of copies in stock. d. Add the appropriate constructors and a destructor (if one is needed). Ensure a default constructor is coded and the constructor initializes all data members. Remember, an array of classes uses a default constructor only. e. ALL member variables must be private and accessed through member functions. The main client program CANNOT access the variables…arrow_forwardUsing C++ and Visual Studios Using your own creativity, make a set of class templates that have these features: For this class template, put everything in one place--do not declare the member functions and have separate definition of the member functions elsewhere. Keep them in one place. Include a private variable. Include a constructor that loads the private variable when constructed. Include a destructor that clears the private variable to zero. Include set and get functions to set and get the private variable.arrow_forwardAny overloaded operator may be implemented either as a member function or as a regular function. Neither of these two options is exclusive to the other. False Truearrow_forward
- Mark the following statements as true or false. The member variables of a class must be of the same type. (1) The member functions of a class must be public. (2) A class can have more than one constructor. (5) A class can have more than one destructor. (5) Both constructors and destructors can have parameters. (5)arrow_forwardAssume the definition of class foodType as given in Exercise 6. Answer the following questions? (1, 2, 3, 5, 6) Write the definition of the member function set so that private members are set according to the parameters. The values of the int and double instance variables must be nonnegative. Write the definition of the member function print that prints the values of the data members. Write the definitions of the member functions getName, getcalories, getFat, getSugar, getCarbohydrate, getPotassium to return the values of the instance variable. Write the definition of the default constructor of the class foodType so that the private member variables are initialized to 0, 0. 0, 0, 0. 0, 0. 0, respectively. Write the definition of the constructor with parameters of the class foodType so that the private member variables are initialized according to the parameters. The values of the int and double instance variables must be nonnegative. Write a C + + statement that prints the value of the object fruit 2. Write a C++ statement that declares an object my Fruit of type foodType, and initializes the member variables of myFruit to Apple, 52, 0. 2, 10,13.8, and 148.0, respectively.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between a friend function of a class and a member function of a class? (3)arrow_forward
- In Chapter 10, the class clockType was designed to implement the time of day in a program. Certain applications, in addition to hours, minutes, and seconds, might require you to store the time zone. Derive the class extclockType from the class clockType by adding a member variable to store the time zone. Add the necessary member functions and constructors to make the class functional. Also, write the definitions of the member functions and the constructors. Finally, write a test program to test your class.arrow_forwardWe don't use object to access the static member function of the class in C++ i.e. it can also be invoked without the help of the object. Why?arrow_forwardWhat are the rules for overloading operators? Select all that apply 1-Any operator can be overloaded as a friend function. 2-Any operator can be overloaded as a member function 3-An operator's precedence cannot change 4-An operator's number of operands (aka arity) cannot change. 5-Any operator that changes the invoking object must be a member function.arrow_forward
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