Campbell Biology - With Access (Custom)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781323191392
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 1TYU
Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension
- 1. The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthesis during oxidative phosphorylation is the
- (A) Oxidation of glucose and other organic compounds.
- (B) Flow of electrons down the electron transport chain.
- (C) H+ concentration gradient across the membrane holding ATP synthase.
- (D) Transfer of phosphate to ADP.
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State whether each statement is true or false. If the statement is false, correct it so it can be true.
(a) Oxidative phosphorylation generates heat by converting ADP to ATP.
(b) The effects of a poison on actively respiring mitochondria are being studied to determine its mode of action. When the poison is added, all proteins and Q in the electron transport chain are in the reduced form, and ATP production stops. (Assume electron transport is continuously occurring.) This means that the poison could be inhibiting complex I.
(a) Starting with one molecule of glucose, how many ATPs are produced during (I) aerobic and (II) anaerobic respiration? (b) In chemiosmotic (oxidative) phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP and what the driving force for the ATP formation through ATP synthase?
Q1: Define ATP in your own words. Q2: How is ATP involved in anabolism and catabolism? (Hint: Review Figure 5.3.) Q3: Arsenic disrupts ATP production. Why would this characteristic cause it to be a potent poison?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Campbell Biology - With Access (Custom)
Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.1 - WHAT IF? If the following redox reaction...Ch. 9.2 - VISUAL SKILLS During the redox reaction in...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - What process in your cells produce the CO2 that...Ch. 9.3 - VISUAL SKILLS The conversions shown in Figure...Ch. 9.4 - WHAT IF? What effect would an absence of O2 have...Ch. 9.4 - WHAT IF? In the absence of O2 as in question 1,...Ch. 9.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 9.5 - Consider the NADH formed during glycolysis. What...
Ch. 9.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from...Ch. 9.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.6 - VISUAL SKILLS During intense exercise, can a...Ch. 9 - Describe the difference between the two processes...Ch. 9 - Which reactions in glycolysis are the source of...Ch. 9 - What molecular products indicate the complete...Ch. 9 - Briefly explain the mechanism by which ATP...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5CRCh. 9 - Prob. 9.6CRCh. 9 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The immediate...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 9 - 3. The final electron acceptor of the electron...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 9 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 9 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 9 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The proton pump shown in Figures...Ch. 9 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 9 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 9 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION AIP synthases are found in...Ch. 9 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In the 1930s, some physicians...Ch. 9 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 9 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is sold...
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- Glycolysis yields an immediate net gain of molecules for the cell. (a) 1 ATP (b) 2 ATP (c) 4 ATP (d) 32 ATParrow_forwardPlease answer this question in detail because I don't understand it. Thank you. Which of the following best describes the role of chemiosmosis in oxidative phosphorylation? (A) Chemiosmosis is the movement of electrons down their electrochemical gradient, which generates energy in the electron transport chain. (B) Chemiosmosis is the chemical breakdown of ATP into ADP and inorganic phosphate. (C) Chemiosmosis is the movement of chemicals dissolved in water down their concentration gradient, across the mitochondrial membrane. (D) Chemiosmosis is the chemical breakdown of water into hydrogen and oxygen ions at the final stage of the electron transport chain. (E) Chemiosmosis is the movement of ions down their electrochemical gradient, which generates ATP.arrow_forwardReview your understanding of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation by classifying each characteristic below according to its pathway for cellular energy transfer. Enzyme location: Mitochondrial matrix Final product: Pyruvate (under aerobic conditions) Entering substrates: Acetyl coenzyme A and some amino acid intermediates ATP production: 3 ATP from each NADH + H+ and 2 ATP from each FADH2 Entering substrates: glucose and other monosaccharides Final product 2 CO2 for each acetyl coenzyme A Final product: Intermediates used for amino acid/organic molecule synthesis Enzyme location: Cytosol Coenzyme production: 3 NADH + 3H- and 1 FADH2 Coenzyme production: 2 NADH + 2 H (under aerobic conditions) ATP production: 2 per glucose molecule ATP production: 1 GTP formed directly can be converted to ATP Entering substrates Hydrogen ions and molecular oxygen Final product H2O - one molecule for each pair of hydrogen ions Enzyme location: Inner mitochondrial membrane Final…arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is not true? (a) Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration. (b) Glycolysis can proceed under low oxygen levels with the assistance of fermentation. (c) Glycolysis produces less ATP than does either the Krebs cycle or oxidative phosphorylation. (d) Glycolysis produces most of the ATP required by aerobic organisms like us.arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following is a true or false statement regarding ATP. in cellular respiration, the most ATP is made by the Krebs cycle ATP is commonly used by cells to lower the amount of energy needed for reactions to occur the energy from anabolic reactions can be used to make ATP some ATP is required to break down glucose into pyruvic acid a phosphate group is added to ADP to make ATP Choose... Choose... Choose... Choose... ♦ Choose...arrow_forwardDescribe with a summary picture the aerobic respiration from glucose (CHO) all the way to Co2 and water. Highlight, with yellow the flow of H (and then electrons and protons) and in red the ATP Include: inner membrane, outer membrane, matrix, intermembrane space glycolisis, Krebs cycle (citirc acid), e.t.c. (oxidative phosphorilation) ATP synthase, NADH dehydrogenase complex, cyt b-c1complex, cyt oxidase complex, ubiquinone, cytochrome-c glucose, pyruvate, acetyl-Co-A, H2O, O2, CO2, NADH, NAD+, FADH2, e-, H+, ATP, ADP +Pi direction of the arrows, inner membrane potential, gradient of protons, inner membrane transporters, outer membrane porinsarrow_forward
- Explain the "coupling" effect of ATP on catabolism and anabolism.arrow_forwarda) Explain how in oxygenated tissue your cells use your MITOCHONDRIA to produce energy: DESCRIBE the processes occurring in your MITOCHONDRIA (intermediate stage, Krebs, and ETC), Make sure to mention where those processes occur.b) How many ATP per glucose are formed in your mitochondria? Where are they formed?arrow_forwardThe “aerobic” part of aerobic cellular respiration occurs during (a) glycolysis (b) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA (c) the citric acid cycle (d) electron transport (e) all the preceding are aerobic processesarrow_forward
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