IA MODIFIED MASTERING BIOLOGY WITH E TEX
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780136781752
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 1TYU
Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension
- 1. The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthesis during oxidative phosphorylation is the
- (A) Oxidation of glucose and other organic compounds.
- (B) Flow of electrons down the electron transport chain.
- (C) H+ concentration gradient across the membrane holding ATP synthase.
- (D) Transfer of phosphate to ADP.
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(a) Starting with one molecule of glucose, how many ATPs are produced during (I) aerobic and (II) anaerobic respiration? (b) In chemiosmotic (oxidative) phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP and what the driving force for the ATP formation through ATP synthase?
State whether each statement is true or false. If the statement is false, correct it so it can be true.
(a) Oxidative phosphorylation generates heat by converting ADP to ATP.
(b) The effects of a poison on actively respiring mitochondria are being studied to determine its mode of action. When the poison is added, all proteins and Q in the electron transport chain are in the reduced form, and ATP production stops. (Assume electron transport is continuously occurring.) This means that the poison could be inhibiting complex I.
Glycolysis yields an immediate net gain of molecules for the cell. (a) 1 ATP (b) 2 ATP (c) 4 ATP (d) 32 ATP
Chapter 9 Solutions
IA MODIFIED MASTERING BIOLOGY WITH E TEX
Ch. 9.1 - Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 9.1 - WHAT IF? If the following redox reaction...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - What process in your cells produce the CO2 that...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.4 - WHAT IF? In the absence of O2 as in question 1,...Ch. 9.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 9.5 - Consider the NADH formed during glycolysis. What...
Ch. 9.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from...Ch. 9.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 4CCCh. 9 - Describe the difference between the two processes...Ch. 9 - Which reactions in glycolysis are the source of...Ch. 9 - What molecular products indicate the complete...Ch. 9 - Briefly explain the mechanism by which ATP...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5CRCh. 9 - Prob. 9.6CRCh. 9 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The immediate...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 9 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 9 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 9 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 9 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 9 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION AIP synthases are found in...Ch. 9 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In the 1930s, some physicians...Ch. 9 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 9 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is sold...
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- Q1: Define ATP in your own words. Q2: How is ATP involved in anabolism and catabolism? (Hint: Review Figure 5.3.) Q3: Arsenic disrupts ATP production. Why would this characteristic cause it to be a potent poison?arrow_forwardReview your understanding of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation by classifying each characteristic below according to its pathway for cellular energy transfer. Enzyme location: Mitochondrial matrix Final product: Pyruvate (under aerobic conditions) Entering substrates: Acetyl coenzyme A and some amino acid intermediates ATP production: 3 ATP from each NADH + H+ and 2 ATP from each FADH2 Entering substrates: glucose and other monosaccharides Final product 2 CO2 for each acetyl coenzyme A Final product: Intermediates used for amino acid/organic molecule synthesis Enzyme location: Cytosol Coenzyme production: 3 NADH + 3H- and 1 FADH2 Coenzyme production: 2 NADH + 2 H (under aerobic conditions) ATP production: 2 per glucose molecule ATP production: 1 GTP formed directly can be converted to ATP Entering substrates Hydrogen ions and molecular oxygen Final product H2O - one molecule for each pair of hydrogen ions Enzyme location: Inner mitochondrial membrane Final…arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following is a true or false statement regarding ATP. in cellular respiration, the most ATP is made by the Krebs cycle ATP is commonly used by cells to lower the amount of energy needed for reactions to occur the energy from anabolic reactions can be used to make ATP some ATP is required to break down glucose into pyruvic acid a phosphate group is added to ADP to make ATP Choose... Choose... Choose... Choose... ♦ Choose...arrow_forward
- Explain the "coupling" effect of ATP on catabolism and anabolism.arrow_forwardassuming each NADH produces 3 ATP and each fadh2 produces 2 ATP in oxidative phosphorylation (perfect world scenario), how many ATP molecules can one glucose molecule make via cellular respiration under aerobic conditionarrow_forwardDescribe with a summary picture the aerobic respiration from glucose (CHO) all the way to Co2 and water. Highlight, with yellow the flow of H (and then electrons and protons) and in red the ATP Include: inner membrane, outer membrane, matrix, intermembrane space glycolisis, Krebs cycle (citirc acid), e.t.c. (oxidative phosphorilation) ATP synthase, NADH dehydrogenase complex, cyt b-c1complex, cyt oxidase complex, ubiquinone, cytochrome-c glucose, pyruvate, acetyl-Co-A, H2O, O2, CO2, NADH, NAD+, FADH2, e-, H+, ATP, ADP +Pi direction of the arrows, inner membrane potential, gradient of protons, inner membrane transporters, outer membrane porinsarrow_forward
- The “aerobic” part of aerobic cellular respiration occurs during (a) glycolysis (b) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA (c) the citric acid cycle (d) electron transport (e) all the preceding are aerobic processesarrow_forwardConsider the energy budget of glycolysis as a whole a) How many ATP's are made total? b) How many ATP's are invested (ATP --> ADP + Phosphate) c) How many ATP's does glycolysis of one glucose molecule net for the cell?arrow_forwardSelect the best answer or answers from the choices given: What is formed during aerobic respiration when electrons are passed down the electron transport chain? (a) oxygen, (b) water, (c) glucose, (d) NADH + H+.arrow_forward
- List the energy pathways of the body and how much ATP each one produces per 1 substrate. HINT: There should be four (two anaerobic and two aerobic).arrow_forwardOrgan Specialization Describe which major metabolic pathways (glycolysis, glucogenesis, glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, PDH/CAC, fatty acid synthesis, beta oxidation, TAG synthesis, TAG hydrolysis) occur in the brain, muscle, liver, kidney and adipose tissuearrow_forwardBriefly explain the mechanism by which ATP synthase produces ATP.List three locations in which ATP synthases are found.arrow_forward
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