Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 22TYK
Brown fat, which is found in newborn infants and hibernating mammals, has uncoupler proteins that, when activated, make the inner mitochondrial membrane leaky to H+. What is the function of brown fat?
- a. It produces more ATP than does regular fat and is also found in the flight muscles of ducks and geese, providing more energy for long-distance migrations.
- b. It lowers the pH of the intermembrane space, which results in the production of more ATP per gram than is produced by the oxidation of glucose or regular fat tissue.
- c. Because it dissipates the proton gradient, it generates heat through
cellular respiration without producing ATP, thereby raising the body temperature of hibernating mammals or newborn infants. - d. Its main function is insulation in the endothermic animals in which is it common.
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What would be some of the challenges involved in removing respiratory complexes from the inner mitochondrial membrane in order to study their properties?
Which of the following statements is a lie?
Select one:
a.The formation of water aids in establishing the ion gradient between the inner matrix and intermembrane space.
b.Every protein complex in the electron transport chain is involved in the direct pumping of H+ in the intermembrane space.
c.There is an existing electrochemical gradient between the intermembrane space and the inner mitochondrial matrix.
Predict the outcome of a mitochondrial membrane that is more permeable to hydrogen ions than normal.
answer choices
A.) Increased levels of inorganic phosphate in the mitochondrial matrix
B.) Reduced formation of water
C.) Reduced activity of electron transport chain
D.) Increased activity of ATP synthase
Chapter 9 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 9 - Fill in the following summary equation for...Ch. 9 - Fill in the appropriate terms in the following...Ch. 9 - a. In the conversion of glucose and O2 to CO2 and...Ch. 9 - a. NAD+ is called a(n) ____________________. b....Ch. 9 - Fill in the three stages of cellular respiration...Ch. 9 - Fill in the blanks in the following summary...Ch. 9 - Fill in the blanks in the following diagram of the...Ch. 9 - Label the following diagram of oxidative...Ch. 9 - Fill in the following tally for the maximum ATP...Ch. 9 - How much more ATP can be generated by aerobic...
Ch. 9 - This chapter describes how catabolic pathways...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 9 - Fill in the following table to summarize...Ch. 9 - When electrons move closer to a more...Ch. 9 - In the reaction C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O, a....Ch. 9 - In which of the following conversions is the first...Ch. 9 - Some prokaryotes use anaerobic respiration, a...Ch. 9 - Which of the following reactions is incorrectly...Ch. 9 - In which organelle of a plant cell does the citric...Ch. 9 - Which of the following compounds produces the most...Ch. 9 - Aerobic eukaryotes produce CO2 as a by-product...Ch. 9 - Which of the following statements correctly...Ch. 9 - In the electron transport system, H+ ions are...Ch. 9 - When glucose is oxidized to CO2 and water,...Ch. 9 - The energy required for the chemiosmotic synthesis...Ch. 9 - Which of the following statements correctly...Ch. 9 - The citric acid cycle is best described as a. the...Ch. 9 - Fermentation produces less ATP than cellular...Ch. 9 - If muscle cells do not receive enough oxygen from...Ch. 9 - Glucose made from six radioactively labeled carbon...Ch. 9 - Glycolysis is considered one of the first...Ch. 9 - Which of the following substances produces the...Ch. 9 - Fats and proteins can be used as fuel in the cell...Ch. 9 - Which of the following statements is false...Ch. 9 - Brown fat, which is found in newborn infants and...
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- Uncoupling agents are proteins spanning the inner mitochondrial membrane that allow protons to pass through the membrane and bypass the channel of ATP synthase. Describe the consequences to the proton gradient and ATP production.?arrow_forwardA principle of biology is that structure determines function.Explain how the invaginations of the inner mitochondrialmembrane are related to mitochondrial function.arrow_forwardIn the Electron Transport Chain:(a). Upon the transfers, what is the final recipient of these electrons?(b). What is the compound obtained upon the completion of electron transportation?(c). What causes the changes in pH between the inner mitochondrial membrane during the electron transfer?arrow_forward
- Assume there is no cyanide poisoning. What would happen if the inner mitochondrial membrane was permeabilized to the point where it no longer served as a barrier, affecting the proton gradient and ATP synthesis?arrow_forwardCould the inner mitochondrial membrane carry out its functions in the coupling of electron transport and ATP synthesis if its lipid bilayer were readily permeable to hydrogen ions (protons)?arrow_forwardWhat are two advantages of the components of the electron transport chain being embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane?arrow_forward
- Proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane are involved in which of the following processes? a. nucleotide synthesis b. OXPHOS c. autophagy d. NADH synthesisarrow_forwardCyanide is a poison that works by inhibiting cytochrome c oxidase, which is a protein that uses oxygen to increase the concentration of hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial membrane. Using what you know from this unit, explain why consuming cyanide is lethal.arrow_forwardwhat would happen during cellular respiration if all the mitochondria in a cell lost their outer membranes? be specific and explain how this would alter each part of cellular respiration.arrow_forward
- Which statement about the ATP synthase is false? a. It is a rotary machine b. It is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane c. It can make ATP, or it can break ATP down d. It only contains membrane-embedded regionsarrow_forwardThe proton pump in oxidative phosphorylation creates a gradient of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. What kind of energy is generated with such gradient? answer choices A.) Membrane energy B.)Potential energy C.) Protonic energy D.) Kinetic energyarrow_forwardRead all the parts of this question before answering. Thermogenesis is a metabolic process used to generate heat in many homeothermic/endothermic/warm-blooded animals and a few species of plants. Thermogenesis involves an uncoupling protein that allows protons to flow from the intermembrane space back into the mitochondrial matrix. a. What two processes – which are normally energetically coupled – become uncoupled by the action of uncoupling proteins? b. What kind of a protein allows ions such as H+ to diffuse through a membrane?arrow_forward
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