Concept explainers
To review:
The following:
(a) To propose a general model of the molecule by the given information, and its description.
(b) Base-pairing properties for H and X in the model.
(c) To determine whether both H and X are purines or both pyrimidines, or one is a purine and one is a pyrimidine.
Introduction:
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is a double helix structure that contains the genetic instructions in almost every organism. The two helices or strands of DNA are a
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 9 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics - Masteringgenetic
- Which is true for DNA, RNA and Polypeptides? a) Only some have side chains (N groups or R groups extending from the backbone or central chain, b) They are formed from ribose by dehydration synthesis. c) They all have subunits that include nitrogenous bases. d) They were formed spontaneously (first appear) during Chemical Evolution before life. e) All are truearrow_forwardHuman DNA contains almost twice as much information as is needed to code for all the substances produced in the body. Likewise, the digital data sent from Voyager II contained one redundant bit out of every two bits of information. The Hubble space telescope transmits three redundant bits for every bit of information. How is entropy related to the transmission of information? What do you think is accomplished by having so many redundant bits of information in both DNA and the space probes?arrow_forwardIn the prebiotic world, the chemical evolution scenario proposes that: Small inorganic compounds gave rise to simple biomolecules from meteorites impacts on the Earth surface. Large inorganic compounds gave rise to simple biomolecules when sparked by lighting Small inorganic compounds gave rise to simple biomolecules when dissolved in sulfuric acid Simple biomolecules were created by primitive bacteria Small inorganic compounds gave rise to simple biomolecules when sparked by lighting.arrow_forward
- Organic molecules were originally named so, because they were thought to only be produced by living creatures. Are there ways organic molecules be made by outside of living creatures? If so, what are they?arrow_forwardCarbon makes up 18.5% of the human body, but the top of the carbon section in the stacked column of the infographic lines up with about 35% on the y‑axis. What accounts for the difference?arrow_forwardYou have discovered a new molecule in outer space. You have never seen this type of molecule before on Earth. You analyze the composition and discover that it is made of 28% carbon atoms, 24% oxygen atoms, and 48% hydrogen atoms. You immediately decide that it is not an alien protein or an alien nucleotide. Explain why you know that the molecule cannot be a protein or a nucleotide. Do you think that the molecule is an alien fatty acid or an alien carbohydrate? Explain your decision Will your molecule be hydrophilic or hydrophobic? Explain your answer considering polarity and electronegativityarrow_forward
- If functional proteins are so unlikely, how could life have evolved?arrow_forwardResearchers have reported advances in their attempts to synthesize life from scratch in a test-tube—bringing non-living matter to life. In the lab, they have been able to produce ‘protocells’ from fatty molecules that can spontaneously trap pieces of nucleic acids that possess the code for replication and metabolism. With continued progress, protocells may be synthesized that form self-replicating, evolving system that satisfy the conditions of life. Consider the scientific understanding that may be generated from this project. What scientific questions might the knowledge generated from this project help answer? Reflect on the broader significance of this work. What objections might be raised about this line of research?arrow_forwardWhat are the two nucleic acid? Give their functions in the life processes of an organisms.arrow_forward
- Thalassemia is a genetic disorder caused by a nonsense mutation, resulting in individuals who cannot produce normal hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that binds to oxygen. Use your knowledge of mutations and protein structure to explain why individuals with Thalassemia need blood transfusions to live "normally." (Be sure to explain what a nonsense mutation is)arrow_forwardGuanine, cytosine, thymine, and __________________ are the four __________________ in DNA. In DNA, guanine always forms hydrogen bonds with __________________. The process of __________________ produces a new copy of an organism’s genetic information, which is passed on to a new cell. The double coiled, “staircase” shape of DNA is called a __________________.arrow_forwardCould you write me a paragraph on the importance of bonds and bonding in organisms. Can you use only 1 of these topics: • Monomers and polymers • Carbohydrates • Lipids • General properties of proteins • Many proteins are enzymes • Structure of DNA and RNA • DNA replication • ATP • Water – cohesion • Mitosis • Transport across cell membranes • Cell recognition and the immune system • Digestion and absorption • Mass transport in animals – haemoglobin • Mass transport in plants • DNA and protein synthesis • Mutation and meiosis • Photosynthesis • Nutrient cyclesarrow_forward
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning