COLLEGE PHYSICS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781464196393
Author: Freedman
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 9, Problem 48QAP
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How much will the ligament stretch if a force of
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7) Suppose a person’s femoral diaphysis is idealized as a circular cylinder with a periosteal diameter of 2 cm and an endosteal diameter of 1 cm. A stress in compression equal to 19×106 pa is applied. Calculate the compressive force applied to the femoral diaphysis.
BIO Biceps Muscle. A relaxed biceps muscle requires a force of 25.0 N for an elongation of 3.0 cm; the same muscle under maximum tension requires a force of 500 N for the same elongation. Find Young’s modulus for the muscle tissue under each of these conditions if the muscle is assumed to be a uniform cylinder with length 0.200 m and cross-sectional area 50.0 cm2.
Bone has a Young’s modulus of 18 x 109 Pa. Under compression, it can withstand a stress of about 160 x 106 Pa before breaking. Assume that a femur (thigh bone) is 0.50 m long, and calculate the amount of compression this bone can withstand before breaking.
Chapter 9 Solutions
COLLEGE PHYSICS
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- A farmer making grape juice fills a glass bottle to the brim and caps it tightly. The juice expands more than the glass when it warms up, in such a way that the volume increases by 0.2% (that is, V/V0=2103 ) relative to the space available. Calculate the magnitude of the normal force exerted by the juice per square centimeter if its bulk modulus is 1.8109 N/m2, assuming the bottle does not break. In view of your answer, do you think the bottle will survive?arrow_forwardSuppose a horse leans against a wall as in Figure 9.31. Calculate the force exerted on the wall assuming that force is horizontal while using the data in the schematic representation of the situation. Note that the force exerted on the wall is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force exerted on the horse, keeping it in equilibrium. The total mass of the horse and rider is 500 kg. Take the data to be accurate to three digits.arrow_forwardA 20.0m -tall hollow aluminium flagpole is equivalent in strength to a solid cylinder 4.00cm in diameter. A strong wind bends the pole as much as a horizontal 900.0N force on the top would do. How far to the side does the top of the pole flex?arrow_forward
- Assume Youngs modulus for bone is 1.50 1010 N/m2. The bone breaks if stress greater than 1.50 108 N/m2 is imposed on it. (a) What is the maximum force that can be exerted on the femur bone in the leg if it has a minimum effective diameter of 2.50 cm? (b) If this much force is applied compressively, by how much does the 25.0-cm-long bone shorten?arrow_forwardA high-speed lifting mechanism supports an 800.-kg object with a steel cable that is 25.0 m long and 4.00 cm2 in cross-sectional area. (a) Determine the elongation of the cable. (b) By what additional amount does the cable increase in length if the object is accelerated upward at a rate of 3.0 m/s2? (c) What is the greatest mass that can be accelerated upward at 3.0 m/s2 if the stress in the fable is not to exceed the elastic limit of the cable, which is 2.2 108 Pa?arrow_forward(a) Estimate the force with which a karate master strikes a board, assuming the hands speed at the moment of impact is 10.0 m/s and decreases to 1.00 m/s during a 0.002 00-s time interval of contact between the hand and the board. The mass of his hand and arm is 1.00 kg. (b) Estimate the shear stress, assuming this force is exerted on a 1.00-cm-thick pine board that is 10.0 cm wide, (c) If the maximum shear stress a pine board can support before breaking is 3.60 106 N/m2, will the board break?arrow_forward
- What Is Static Equilibrium? Problems 13 are grouped. 1. C A ball is attached to a strong, lightweight rod (Fig. P14.1). The rod is supported by a horizontal pin near the top. The ball is at rest. Is the ball in static equilibrium? If not, why not? If so, which type of equilibrium is itstable, unstable, or neutral? Hint: What would happen if you displaced the ball slightly? FIGURE P14.1arrow_forwardA brass wire and a steel wire, both of the same length, are extended by 1.0 mm under the same force. Is the cross-sectional radius of the brass wire more, less, or equal to the cross-sectional radius of the steel wire? Explain. Youngs moduli for brass and steel are 1.0 1010 N/m2 and 2.0 1011 N/m2, respectively.arrow_forwardA disk between vertebrae in the spine is subjected to a shearing force of 600.0N . Find its shear deformation, using the shear modulus of 1.0109N/m2 . The disk is equivalent to a solid cylinder 0.700cm high and 4.00cm in diameter.arrow_forward
- Bone has a Youngs modulus of 18 109 Pa. Under compression, it can will island a stress or about 160 106 Pa before breaking. Assume that a femur (thigh bone) is 0.50 m long, and calculate the amount of compression this bone can withstand before breaking.arrow_forwardWe analyzed the biceps muscle example with the angle between forearm and upper arm set at 90°. Using the same numbers as in Example 9.4, find the force exerted by the biceps muscle when the angle is 120° and the forearm is in a downward position.arrow_forwardA disk between vertebrae in the spine is subjected to a shearing force of 600 N. Find its shear deformation, taking it to have the shear modulus of 1109 N /m2. The disk is equivalent to a solid cylinder 0.700 cm high and 4.00 cm in diameter.arrow_forward
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