Brock Biology of Microorgan. -Access
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780321943736
Author: MADIGAN
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 9, Problem 4AQ
Summary Introduction
Reoviridae family of viruses have a wide range of hosts which includes invertebrates, vertebrates, humans, plants and even microbes like fungi. In humans Reoviridae group virus named Rotavirus cause infant diarrhea. Reoviridae have double-stranded RNA. Reovirus has non-enveloped nucleocapsid, measuring 60-80 nm in diameter. They have virus-encoded enzymes that are required in the synthesis of m-RNA and replication of RNA genome. The reovirus has a segmented genome. The RNA genome is separated into 10-12 segments of linear double-stranded RNA molecule.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Rhinovirus and the flaviviruses have a _________ RNA genome, which ___________________ bind in order for translation to occur. As with most viruses with such genomes, they produce a ________________ (type of peptide), which is cleaved in order to produce the individual viral proteins
. Rotavirus, a disease-causing member of the Reovirus family (with double-stranded RNA, but no DNA), must use which of the following enzymes to replicate its nucleic acid?
RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase
RNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase
DNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase
DNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase
reverse transcriptase
As a general rule, viruses are not considered to be alive based on several reasons. One such reason is that some viruses use RNA as their genetic material instead of DNA. Which of the five biological themes does this violate? Briefly explain why.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorgan. -Access
Ch. 9.1 - Distinguish between a positive-strand RNA virus...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.1 - Prob. 3MQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 1MQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 3MQCh. 9.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 9.3 - In the X174 genome, describe the difference...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 3MQCh. 9.4 - In what major way does transcription of phage DNA...
Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.5 - What type of genome is seen in most archaeal...Ch. 9.5 - Compared with other archaeal viruses, what are two...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 9.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.6 - Prob. 3MQCh. 9.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 9.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 9.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 9.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.8 - How are protein synthesis and genomic replication...Ch. 9.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 9.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.9 - Prob. 3MQCh. 9.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 9.10 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.10 - Prob. 3MQCh. 9.11 - Prob. 1MQCh. 9.11 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.11 - How does the role of reverse transcriptase in the...Ch. 9.12 - If viroids are circular molecules, why are they...Ch. 9.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.13 - Prob. 1MQCh. 9.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 9.13 - Prob. 3MQCh. 9 - Prob. 1RQCh. 9 - Describe the classes of viruses based on their...Ch. 9 - REVIEW QUESTIONS
3. How might viruses help...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4RQCh. 9 - Describe how the genome of bacteriophage X174 is...Ch. 9 - Why can it be said that transcription of the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7RQCh. 9 - Prob. 8RQCh. 9 - Prob. 9RQCh. 9 - Prob. 10RQCh. 9 - Prob. 11RQCh. 9 - Prob. 12RQCh. 9 - Prob. 13RQCh. 9 - Prob. 14RQCh. 9 - Rabies virus and poliovirus both have...Ch. 9 - Prob. 16RQCh. 9 - Why do both hepadnaviruses and retroviruses...Ch. 9 - Prob. 18RQCh. 9 - What are the similarities and differences between...Ch. 9 - Prob. 20RQCh. 9 - Not all proteins are made from the RNA genome of...Ch. 9 - Replication of both strands of DNA in adenoviruses...Ch. 9 - Imagine that you are a researcher at a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4AQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- After a positive strand RNA virus ( Such as Coronaviruses) enters the host cell, the RNA is translated by ribosomes to create proteins associated with the virus (Such as, for example, the surface antigens like E and Spike proteins). How then, would the genetic material itself be replicated to be incorporated into the new viruses?.arrow_forwardAssume you isolate a single stranded (+) RNA virus. When you examine the proteins in the virus, you find that it does NOT contain replicase enzymes within its capsid. Which of the following is true? This virus must have a gene that encodes replicase. This virus will not be able to enter a host cell. Its genome cannot be translated (the process of translation) by the host cell ribosomes. A DNA copy of the viral genome has to be made before viral genes are expressed. This virus must lack surface antigens.arrow_forwardWhat is the basic structure of the HIV virus? What is the function of the glycoproteins of its envelope?arrow_forward
- Why do both hepadnaviruses and retroviruses requirereverse transcriptase when their genomes are doublestranded DNA and single-stranded RNA, respectively?arrow_forwardWhat is the mode of replication of the virus? (this can be presented as a diagram with narrative description) What are its differences from HIV?arrow_forwardWhy is it virtually impossible to eradicate (eliminate) a disease caused by a zoonotic virus? Why are RNA viruses and retroviruses more error-prone in their replication than DNA viruses? What effect might this have on the human population?arrow_forward
- Is a DNA polymerase generally required for an RNA virus? Why or why not?arrow_forwardViruses are made up of the same biomolecules as cellular organisms (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.), which are synthesized through enzymatic dehydration reactions from building blocks and disassembled by enzymatic hydrolysis. They infect cells and replicate themselves using resources from the host cells. Scientists discovered a previously unknown strain of virus in the tropical Pacific Ocean and it can infect higher-order eukaryotes. Initial analysis revealed that the virus is mainly composed of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Chemical analysis after complete hydrolysis revealed the following building blocks (by weight): Chemical components Nucleosides Amino acids Lipids, phosphates, and carbohydrates Percentage by weight 20 30 50 Analysis of percentages of nucleosides yielded the following results (by molar ratio): Nucleosides A G T C U Percentage by mole 19 29 19 29 4 Which of the following events mostly involves hydrolysis reaction after the virus infects…arrow_forwardWhich of the following proteins would you expect a mutation in for a virus to infect a new host cell? RNA Dependent RNA polymerase/Reverse Transcriptase/DNA polymerase/etc. Hemagglutinin/Glycoprotein/GP120/etc. Fusion protein Capsid/Nucleocapsid proteins Why? What is that protein responsible for?arrow_forward
- An icosahedral virus has a triangulation number of 6. What is the total number of subunits in one viral particle?arrow_forwardHow do cellular receptors for viruses come about? does host species that a particular virus infects evolve to have the viral receptors? would the above offer any survival and/or reproductive advantages to the host? how likely does the virus mutate so it would recognize (or fit) a particular exiting surface protein on the target cells of the host?arrow_forwardMany virologists note that viruses which have a genome made up of RNA will tend to evolve faster than those viruses whose genome is made up of double-stranded DNA. What do you know about how RNA polymerase (such as the primase) replicates nucleotide sequences compared to how DNA polymerases copy DNA that might help explain this difference?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
What Is A Virus ? ; Author: Peekaboo Kidz;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YS7vsBgWszI;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY