Chloroform, CHCl 3 , was once used as an anesthetic. In spy movies it is the liquid put in handkerchiefs to render victims unconscious. Its vapor pressure is 197 mm Hg at 23°C and 448 mm Hg at 45°C. Estimate its (a) heat of vaporization. (b) normal boiling point.

Q: Expert Answer

(a) Interpretation Introduction Interpretation: The heat of vaporization of chloroform is to be calculated using the given data. Concept Introduction : Clausius-Clapeyron Equation is an expression that relates the vapor pressure of a liquid at two different temperatures with the enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid. The expression is given as ln P 2 P 1 = Δ H v a p R [ 1 T 1 − 1 T 2 ] P 1 = vapor pressure at temperature T 1 P 2 = vapor pressure at temperature T 2 Δ H v a p = Enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid R = Ideal gas constant = 8.314 J/Kmol Explanation Given: The vapor pressure of dichloromethane at two different temperatures: P 1 = 197 mm Hg T 1 = 23 0 C = (23+273) K = 296 K P 2 = 448 mm Hg T 2 = 45 0 C = (45+273) K = 318 K The heat of vaporization of dichloromethane can be calculated using Clausius-Clapeyron Equation: ln 448 197 = Δ H v a p 8.314 J/Kmol [ 1 296 − 1 318 ] K − 1 0 (b) Interpretation Introduction Interpretation: The normal boiling point of chloroform under given conditions is to be calculated. Concept Introduction : Clausius-Clapeyron Equation is an expression that relates the vapor pressure of a liquid at two different temperatures with the enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid. The expression is given as ln P 2 P 1 = Δ H v a p R [ 1 T 1 − 1 T 2 ] P 1 = vapor pressure at temperature T 1 P 2 = vapor pressure at temperature T 2 Δ H v a p = Enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid R = Ideal gas constant = 8.314 J/Kmol

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Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

8th Edition

William L. Masterton + 1 other

Publisher: Cengage Learning

ISBN: 9781305079373

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Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

8th Edition

William L. Masterton + 1 other

Publisher: Cengage Learning

ISBN: 9781305079373

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Section

Answer 3

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Section

Answer 4

Chapter

Section

Answer 5

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The heat of vaporization of chloroform is to be calculated using the given data.

Concept Introduction :

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation is an expression that relates the vapor pressure of a liquid at two different temperatures with the enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid. The expression is given as

lnP2P1=ΔHvapR[1T1−1T2]

P₁ = vapor pressure at temperature T₁

P₂ = vapor pressure at temperature T₂

ΔHvap = Enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid

R = Ideal gas constant = 8.314 J/Kmol

Explanation of Solution

Given:

The vapor pressure of dichloromethane at two different temperatures:

P₁ = 197 mm Hg

T₁ = 23 ⁰C = (23+273) K = 296 K

P₂ = 448 mm Hg

T₂ = 45⁰C = (45+273) K = 318 K

The heat of vaporization of dichloromethane can be calculated using Clausius-Clapeyron Equation:

ln448197=ΔH vap8.314 J/Kmol[1296−1318]K−10

Answer 6

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The normal boiling point of chloroform under given conditions is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction :

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation is an expression that relates the vapor pressure of a liquid at two different temperatures with the enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid. The expression is given as

lnP2P1=ΔHvapR[1T1−1T2]

P₁ = vapor pressure at temperature T₁

P₂ = vapor pressure at temperature T₂

ΔHvap = Enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid

R = Ideal gas constant = 8.314 J/Kmol

Chloroform, CHCl 3 , was once used as an anesthetic. In spy movies it is the liquid put in handkerchiefs to render victims unconscious. Its vapor pressure is 197 mm Hg at 23°C and 448 mm Hg at 45°C. Estimate its (a) heat of vaporization. (b) normal boiling point.

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

Solutions

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

Chloroform, CHCl₃, was once used as an anesthetic. In spy movies it is the liquid put in handkerchiefs to render victims unconscious. Its vapor pressure is 197 mm Hg at 23°C and 448 mm Hg at 45°C. Estimate its

(a) heat of vaporization.

(b) normal boiling point.

Explanation of Solution

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Chloroform, CHCl 3 , was once used as an anesthetic. In spy movies it is the liquid put in handkerchiefs to render victims unconscious. Its vapor pressure is 197 mm Hg at 23°C and 448 mm Hg at 45°C. Estimate its (a) heat of vaporization. (b) normal boiling point.

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

Solutions

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions